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a decision not to enforce safety regulations was made because of the delay that would have caused: “We had to deploy a strategy that achieved compliance as soon as the hazard was recognized so corrective action was immediate.” Christine Todd Whitman, for her part, told a congressional committee that allegations that she misled New Yorkers about air quality in lower Manhattan were “outright falsehoods.” She said that reassurances that air quality was safe applied to lower Manhattan, not to Ground Zero itself (EHS Today, 6/27/07).

48 “I want”: Richard Clarke, 24. The President also discussed the closure of the markets with his assistant for economic policy, Larry Lindsey, urging a “return to normal as soon as possible.” Lindsey discussed with the EPA’s Christine Todd Whitman “the need to get the financial markets open quickly.” Whitman has denied that Lindsey pressured her. The EPA’s own inspector general, meanwhile, has said that the Agency’s press releases were “influenced” by the White House Council on Environmental Quality. According to the EPA’s Tina Kreischer, there was “extreme pressure from the White House” (Lindsey: MFR 04018180, 1/20/04; Whitman denied: CR, 555n13; “influenced”/“extreme pressure”: “EPA’s Response to the WTC Collapse,” 7, 16–, CR, 555n13).

49 9:55: CR, 325;

50 “The President”: 9/11, transcript, ABC News, 9/11/02;

51 Card: White House transcripts of ints. of Andy Card for ABC, 8/12/02, CNN, 8/12/02, NBC, 8/15/02, CBS, 8/16/02;

52 Bush said: CR, 40, 464n212;

53 “inexcusable”: 60 Minutes, transcript, CBS News, 9/11/02;

54 “could not remain”: Kean & Hamilton, 265;

55 “The military”: 60 Minutes, 9/11/02;

56 flickering TV: 9/11, ABC News;

57 “credible” threat/Armed guards: CR, 325, 554n1, 60 Minutes, Bill Sammon, Fighting Back, Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2008, 128;

58 cell phones: Salon, 9/12/01;

59 saluted: Spencer, 255–.

60 baseless scare: The Secret Service tracked down the source of the “threat” within hours, and concluded that the flap had arisen because of a watch officer’s misunderstanding. Even so, press secretary Fleischer would still be talking of the threat at a press briefing the next day—and describing it as having been “real and credible” (CR, 554n1).

61 “The American people”: 60 Minutes; “faceless coward”: CNN, 9/12/01;

62 running backward: int. Dan Alcorn, Salon, 9/12/01;

63 “We’re at war”: 60 Minutes, 9/11/02;

64 “very much in control”: World-Herald (Omaha), 2/27/02;

65 took part: Sammon, 122;

66 “I’m not going”: Telegraph (U.K.), 12/16/01;

67 “tin-horn terrorist”: 60 Minutes, 9/11/02;

68 “increasingly difficult”: Telegraph (U.K.), 12/16/01;

69 “The mightiest”: 9/11, ABC News;

70 “We will stand”: CNN, 9/12/01, Graham with Nussbaum, 100;

71 Bush address: 60 Minutes, 9/11/02, BBC News, 9/12/01;

72 key officials: CR, 330;

73 al Qaeda/Taliban: WP, 1/27/02.

74 87 “You know”: The authors have here cited Clarke’s interview with Vanity Fair in 2009, in which he stated that Rumsfeld made these remarks on the night of September 11. In his 2004 memoir, however, Clarke appeared to indicate that the remarks were made at a meeting the following day (Vanity Fair, 2/09, Richard Clarke, 31).

75 bed early: Telegraph (U.K.), 1/15/08;

76 He balked, etc.: Newsweek, 12/3/01, Sammon, 133–;

77 “Incoming plane!”: Spencer, 282, 279;

78 Ground Zero: DiMarco, 269–.

79 one more survivor: This was Genelle Guzman, who had worked for the Port Authority in the North Tower and was found in the same area as was Pasquale Buzzelli earlier. She suffered serious leg injuries, but recovered in the hospital (Time, 9/1/02, Langewiesche, 107).

80 “heaved”: Langewiesche, 72;

81 flames: Barrett & Collins, 247;

82 would burn: ABC News, 12/19/01.

Part II: DISTRUST AND DECEIT

CHAPTER 10

1 “not a fringe”: Time, 9/3/06;

2 “no dependable”: Matt Taibbi, The Great Derangement, NY: Spiegel & Grau, 2009, 189;

3 “tend to be”/poll: San Diego Union Tribune, 12/4/06;

4 18 to 29: “Questions with Kathryn Olmsted,” 4/13/09, http://theaggie.org;

5 Arab Americans/Arabs worldwide: NY Post, 5/23/07, “Muslim