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The Eleventh Day_ The History and Legacy of 9_11 - Anthony Summers [272]

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do not appear well founded. It appears true, however, that he neither directed terrorist attacks on Israeli targets nor supplied funds to Palestinian groups. The Palestinian author and journalist Abdel Bari Atwan, who interviewed him in 1996, said Palestine “wasn’t actually No. 1 on his agenda … he wasn’t really that informed about Palestine. He didn’t like Yasser Arafat … maybe because he was involved with the Soviets … used to be considered an unbeliever.” For obvious reasons, organizations like Hamas and Islamic Jihad have been careful not to associate their groups with bin Laden (not a genuine: e.g., Gold, 10; Atwan: int., 2007; Hamas, etc.: Burke, 12).

72 boycott: bin Ladens & Sasson, 61, 110, ed. Lawrence, 115;

73 not drink: bin Ladens & Sasson, 60, Bergen, OBL I Know, 39.

74 “The Americans”: ed. Lawrence, 115. Recalling this speech in an interview after 9/11, bin Laden said it occurred in 1986. Author Lawrence Wright, in his book The Looming Tower, cites a speech with almost identical wording that he made in 1990. That speech did not mention Palestine (ed. Lawrence, 115, Wright, 151, 405n);

75 time and again: e.g., ed. Lawrence, 9, 36, McDermott, 253–, CBS News, 5/16/08.

76 “America allowed”/“The idea”: Lawrence, 239. Then–U.S. secretary of state Alexander Haig was to insist that the United States was not a party to the Israeli invasion. Others, including the military correspondent for Israel’s Ha’aretz newspaper, have said Washington gave Israel “the green light” (Haig: Business Week, 2/20/10; others: Foreign Policy, Spring 1983, Fisk, The Great War, 1037);

77 “The events”: MSNBC, 11/29/07.


CHAPTER 19

1 stocked up/despised Saddam/“will attack”: bin Ladens & Sasson, 79–, Coll, Bin Ladens, 373, Bergen, OBL I Know, 179;

2 “The defense”: David Ottoway, “The U.S. and Saudi Arabia Since the 1930s,” Foreign Policy Research Institute, 8/09;

3 “If you ask”: William Simpson, The Prince, NY: Regan, 2006, 205;

4 delegation: ibid., 209–, Richard Clarke, 57–;

5 “flooding”: H. Norman Schwarzkopf with Peter Petre, It Doesn’t Take a Hero, NY: Bantam, 1992, 353;

6 “This is something”: int. Prince Amr ibn Mohammad al-Faisal, Frontline: “House of Saud,” www.pbs.org;

7 religious study/“the last”: excerpts, Frontline: “Saudi Time Bomb,” www.pbs.org;

8 Committee raids: Felice Gaer et al., “Report on Saudi Arabia,” U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, Washington, D.C., 5/2/03;

9 Censors: bin Ladin, 63;

10 hall/phone recordings: New Yorker, 1/5/05;

11 Bible: WSJ, 5/20/05;

12 “The unbelievers”: ed. Nina Shea, “Saudi Publications on Hate Ideology Invade American Mosques,” Center for Religious Freedom, Washington, D.C., 1/28/05;

13 debate/Abdullah urged: Rachel Bronson, Thicker than Oil, NY: Oxford Univ. Press, 2006, 194, Posner, Secrets, 135–;

14 “Okay”: William Simpson, 209;

15 female soldiers/​entertainers/​carols/​Sabbath/​Bibles/​Ramadan: Schwarzkopf, 386–, 430, 461–, William Simpson, 225–;

16 “Pollution”: bin Ladens & Sasson, 84;

17 OBL meetings/​Sultan/​“kept asking”: MFR 04019365, 2/24/04, Snell et al. to Zelikow, “Summary of Interviews Conducted in Saudi Arabia,” 2/25/04, CF, Arab News, 11/7/01, bin Ladens & Sasson, 82–, ed. Lawrence, 257; Prince Sultan is the father of long-time Saudi ambassador to the U.S. Prince Bandar (William Simpson, 12);

18 “didn’t care”: MFR 04019365, 2/24/04;

19 “Don’t call”: transcript, Frontline: “House of Saud,” 11/23/04, www.pbs.org;

20 OBL outraged/​“colony”: bin Ladens & Sasson, 83–;

21 5,000 remained/bases: Alfred Prados, “Saudi Arabia, Current Issues and U.S. Relations,” Foreign Affairs, Defense & Trade Division, Congressional Research Service, Washington, D.C., 9/15/03, “Desert Stronghold,” Air Force Magazine, 2/99, BBC News, 4/29/03.

22 groundswell: NYT, 3/7/04, Gold, 161, Yemen: int. of Abdul Bari Atwan for PaladinInVision, 2006, Miller & Stone, 158–, Lacey, Inside the Kingdom, 155;

23 passport/movements: Lacey, Inside the Kingdom, Atwan, 161;

24 cleared: CR, 57;

25 “One day”/business: bin Ladens & Sasson, 85;

26 conference: Coll, Ghost Wars,

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