The Federalist Papers - Alexander Hamilton [17]
11Furtwangler, The Authority of Publius, pp. 51–56.
12Cf. Madison’s letter to Jefferson, August 10, 1788, in The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian Boyd (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1956), vol. 13, pp. 498–99, and Elizabeth Fleet, ed., "Madison’s ‘Detached Memoranda,’ " William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd series, 3 (1946), p. 565. See Furtwangler, The Authority of Publius, pp. 26–30.
13Furtwangler, The Authority of Publius, pp. 54–59.
14For example, see Alpheus T. Mason, "The Federalist— A Split Personality," American Historical Review, 57, no. 3 (April 1952), pp. 625–43; and Douglass Adair, "The Authorship of the Disputed Federalist Papers," in Trevor Colbourn, ed., Fame and the Founding Fathers: Essays by Douglass Adair (New York: W. W. Norton, 1974), pp. 27–74. There is a convincing rejoinder in George W. Carey, "Publius—A Split Personality?" The Review of Politics, 46, no. 1 (January 1984), pp. 5–22.
15See the intelligent review of the authorship dispute in Jacob E. Cooke’s introduction to The Federalist (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1961), pp. xix–xxx.
16For instance, in The Federalist, Hamilton’s average sentence contained 34.55 words, Madison’s 34.59. The average standard deviation of their sentence lengths was 19.2 words for Hamilton, 20.3 for Madison. See Frederick Mosteller and David L. Wallace, Inference and Disputed Authorship: The Federalist (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1964), p. 7 and passim: and Furtwangler, The Authority of Publius, pp. 31–32. For the purposes of this edition of The Federalist, we attribute the disputed papers to Madison, which is the conclusion regarded as most probable by both Cooke, using traditional methods, and Mosteller and Wallace, using statistical analysis.
17Furtwangler, The Authority of Publius, pp. 25–30.
18Douglass Adair first drew attention to its novelty. See Adair, "The Federalist Papers," in Trevor Colbourn, ed., Fame and the Founding Fathers: Essays by Douglass Adair (New York: W. W. Norton, 1974), p. 257.
19Speeches of Patrick Henry, June 5, 1788, 5.16.8, in Storing, ed., The Complete Anti-Federalist, vol. 5, p. 226.
20Essays by a Farmer, V, 5.1.75, in Storing, ed., The Complete Anti-Federalist, vol. 5, p. 45.
21Cf. Letters from a Federal Farmer, XI, 2.8.145–46, in Storing, The Complete Anti-Federalist, vol. 2, pp. 287–88.
22Letters of Centinel, I, 2.7.8, in Storing, ed., The Complete Anti-Federalist, vol. 2, p. 138.
23Letters from the Federal Farmer, II, 2.8.15, in Storing, ed., The Complete Anti-Federalist, vol. 2, p. 230; Letters of Centinel, I, 2.7.9, in Storing, ibid., vol. 2, pp. 138–39.
24Letters of Centinel, I, 2.7.9, in Storing, ed., The Complete Anti-Federalist, vol. 2, pp. 138–39; and Essays by a Farmer, II, 5.1.34, in Storing, ibid., vol. 5, p. 23.
25For an excellent summary of the evidence, see Joseph M. Bessette, The Mild Voice of Reason: Deliberative Democracy and American National Government (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), pp. 6–12.
26See, e.g., Robert Dahl, A Preface to Democratic Theory (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956), ch. 1, and the critique in George Carey, The Federalist: Design for a Constitutional Republic (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989), ch. 1.
27See Charles R. Kesler, "Federalist 10 and American Republicanism," in Charles R. Kesler, ed., Saving the Revolution: The Federalist Papers and the American Founding (New York: The Free Press, 1987), ch. 1.
28Cf. the fine discussion in Harvey C. Mansfield, Jr., America’s Constitutional Soul (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991), pp. 122–24.
29See William Kristol, "The Problem of the Separation of Powers: Federalist 47–51," in Kesler, ed., Saving the Revolution, ch. 5.
A Note on This Edition
This is a revision of the late Clinton Rossiter’s edition of The Federalist, originally published in 1961. Rossiter’s index of ideas from the original edition has been retained, along with the collation of the Constitution with The Federalist. To these materials