The Filter Bubble - Eli Pariser [107]
117 “want” movies like Sleepless in Seattle: Milkman, et al., “Highbrow Films Gather Dust.”
118 “nuances of what it means to be human”: John Battelle, phone interview with author, Oct. 12, 2010.
118 Google is working on it: Jonathan McPhie, phone interview with author, Oct. 13, 2010.
119 the “toxic knowledge” that might result: Mark Rothstein, as quoted in Cynthia L. Hackerott, J.D., and Martha Pedrick, J.D., “Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act Is a First Step; Won’t Solve the Problem,” Oct. 1, 2007, accessed Feb. 9, www.metrocorpcounsel.com/current.php?artType=view&artMonth=January&artYear=2011&EntryNo=7293.
119 “The digital ghost of Jay Gatz”: Siva Vaidyanathan, “Naked in the ‘Nonopticon,’ ” Chronicle Review 54, no. 23: B7.
120 “high cognition” arguments: Dean Eckles, phone interview with author, Nov. 9, 2010.
120 increase the effectiveness of marketing: Ibid.
122 pitches framed as sweepstakes: PK List Marketing, “Free to Me—Impulse Buyers,” accessed Jan. 28, 2011, www.pklistmarketing.com/Data%20Cards/Opportunity%20Seekers%20&%20Sweepstakes%20Participants/Cards/Free%20To%20Me%20-%20Impulse%20Buyers.htm.
123 “smartphone to be doing searches constantly”: Robert Andrews, “Google’s Schmidt: Autonomous, Fast Search Is ‘Our New Definition,’ ” paidContent , Sept. 7, 2010, accessed Dec. 15, 2010, http://paidcontent.co.uk/article/419-googles-schmidt-autonomous-fast-search-is-our-new-definition.
124 “ ‘Not-So-Minimal’ Consequences of Television News”: Shanto Iyengar, Mark D. Peters, and Donald R. Kinder, “Experimental Demonstrations of the ‘Not-So-Minimal’ Consequences of Television News Programs,” American Political Science Review 76, no. 4 (1982): 848–58.
124 “believe that defense or pollution”: Ibid.
124 strength of this priming effect: Drew Westen, The Political Brain: The Role of Emotion in Deciding the Fate of the Nation (Cambridge, MA: Perseus, 2007).
125 study by Hasher and Goldstein: Lynn Hasher and David Goldstein, “Frequency and the Conference of Referential Validity,” Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 16 (1977): 107–12.
126 “surrounded by downward-sloping land”: Matt Cohler, phone interview with author, Nov. 23, 2010.
128 results had been randomly redistributed: Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson, “Teachers’ Expectancies: Determinants of Pupils’ IQ Gains,” Psychological Reports, 19 (1966): 115–18.
129 “network-based categorizations”: Dalton Conley, Elsewhere, U.S.A.: How We Got from the Company Man, Family Dinners, and the Affluent Society to the Home Office, BlackBerry Moms, and Economic Anxiety (New York: Pantheon, 2008), 164.
130 “Model-T version of what’s possible”: Geoff Duncan, “Netflix Offers $1Mln for Good Movie Picks,” Digital Trends, Oct. 2, 2006, accessed Dec. 15, 2010, www.digitaltrends.com/computing/netflix-offers-1-mln-for-good-movie-picks.
130 “a PC and some great insight”: Katie Hafner, “And If You Liked the Movie, a Netflix Contest May Reward You Handsomely,” New York Times, Oct. 2, 2006, accessed Dec. 15, 2010, www.nytimes.com/2006/10/02/technology/02netflix.html.
131 success using social-graph data: Charlie Stryler, Marketing Panel at 2010 Social Graph Symposium, Microsoft Campus, Mountain View, CA, May 21, 2010.
132 “the creditworthiness of your friends”: Julia Angwin, “Web’s New Gold Mine,” Wall Street Journal, July 30, 2010, accessed on Feb. 7, 2011, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.html.
133 reality doesn’t work that way: David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Harvard Classics, volume 37, Section VII, Part I, online edition, (P. F. Collier & Son; 1910), accessed Feb. 7, 2011, http://18th.eserver.org/hume-enquiry.html.
133 purpose of science, for Popper: Karl Popper, The Logic of Scientific Discovery (New York: Routledge, 1992).
135 “no more incidents or adventures