The First American Army - Bruce Chadwick [192]
17. Blumenthal, p. 86; John Hyde Preston, Revolution, 1776, New York, 1933, p. 170.
18. Wheeler, The Life and Writings of Tom Paine, I: 90.
Chapter Seventeen
1. Bayard Tucherman, The Life of General Philip Schuyler, 1733–1809, New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1903, pp. 230–234.
2. Max M. Mintz, The Generals of Saratoga: Horatio Gates and John Burgoyne, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990, p. 181.
3. Entry of November 25, 1777, Walter Finney Diary, Chester County Historical Society, West Chester, Pa., p. 20.
4. Return Meigs, “Journal of Return J. Meigs,” in Roberts, March to Quebec, p. 181.
5. Robert Parker, “Journal of Lieutenant Robert Parker,” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, v. 28, 1904, p. 15.
6. M. M. Quaife, “A Boy Soldier under Washington: The Memoir of Dan Granger,” p. 555.
7. Quaife, “Boy Soldier,” p. 555.
8. John Burgoyne to George Germain, Aug. 20, 1777, in John Burgoyne, The Remembrancer, 1777, p. XXV.
9. Paul Nelson, General Horatio Gates: A Biography, Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1976, pp. 114–115.
10. John Elting, The Battle of Saratoga, Monmouth Beach, NJ: Philip Freneau Press, 1977, p. 51.
11. Samuel Patterson, Horatio Gates, Defender of American Liberties, New York: Columbia University Press, 1941, pp. 150–153.
12. James Flexner, The Traitor and the Spy: Benedict Arnold and John Andre, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1957, pp. 170–173.
13. Boatner, p. 974.
14. John Glover to J. Glover and A. Orne, September 21, 1777, in Essex Inst., Hist. Coll. V, June, 1863, pp. 101–102.
15. James Baxter, ed., William Digby, The British Invasion from the North, Albany, 1887, p. 274.
16. John Elting, The Battle of Saratoga, p. 35.
17. Quaife, p. 544.
18. Horatio Gates to John Burgoyne, September 2, 1777, Papers of Horatio Gates, in Mintz, p. 182.
19. Randall, Benedict Arnold, pp. 368–361.
20. From Samuel Downing’s pension statement, in Bolton, p. 244; Wakefield in Reuben Aldridge Guild, Chaplain Smith and the Baptists: or Life, Journals and Addresses of the Rev. Hezekiah Smith, D.D., of Haverhill, Mass., 1737–1805, Philadelphia: American Baptist Society, 1885, p. 213.
21. William L. Stone, trans., Friederich Riedesel, Letters and Journals Relating to the War of the American Revolution, Albany, 1867, pp. 125–127.
22. Thacher, Military Journal of the American Revolution, pp. 112–114.
23. Rupert Furneaux, The Battle of Saratoga, New York: Stein and Day, 1971, p. 268.
24. Boston celebration in Boston Gazette, November 1, 1777; Sir Edwin Creasy, The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World, London, 1851.
25. Thacher, pp. 109–110.
Chapter Nineteen
1. Major Richard Platt to General Alexander McDougall, Dec. 29, 1777, Lee Boyle, Writings from the Valley Forge Encampment of the Continental Army, December 29, 1777—June 19, 1778, II: 9–11.
2. GW to Congress, October 13, 1777, Philander Chase, ed., Papers of George Washington, 45 vols. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, Revolutionary War Series, II: 497–501; GW to Thomas Nelson, November 11, 1777, GWW X: 27.
3. Jedediah Huntington letter, Dec. 25, 1777, VFHP.
4. Hugh Rankin, Ed., “Albigence Waldo Diary,” Narratives of the American Revolution, as Told by a Young Soldier, a Home-Sick Surgeon, a French Volunteer, and a German General’s Wife, p.182. 5. Diary of Ebenezer Wild, January 1–14, 1778, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1890, vol. 6, pp. 78–161.
6. James Craig to Jonathan Potts, April 26, 1778, VFHP.
7. James Craig to Jonathan Potts, May 2, 1778, VFHP.
8. Gouverneur Morris to John Jay, February 1, 1778, Smith, 9:4.
9. Benjamin Rush to George Washington, Jan. 1, 1779, VFHP; Rush to Washington, December 26, 1778, Washington Papers, Library of Congress; Rush to Greene, February 1, 1778, GREENE II: 267.
10. Elias Boudinot to Elisha Boudinot, March 15, 1778, Lee Boyle, Writings from the Valley Forge Encampment of the Continental Army, December 29, 1777—June 19, 1778, I: 78–79. 11. Alexander Scammell to Timothy Pickering, March 17, 1778,