The Information - James Gleick [261]
complementarity concept in
conflicting theories in, 13.1, 13.2
entanglement
incompleteness theorem and, 12.1, 12.2
see also quantum information science
Quastler, Henry
qubits, prl.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5
queuing theory
Quittner, Joshua
Ramanaujan, Srinivasa
randomness
Chaitin’s insight
coded data disguised by
complexity perceived as, 12.1, 12.2
computability and, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3
computer programs to generate, 12.1, 12.2
data compression and, 12.1, 12.2
definition of
frequency of, among numbers
information-carrying capacity of
interesting numbers and, 12.1, 12.2
mathematical proof of, 12.1, 12.2
in quantum cryptography
recognition of, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3
statistical normality in
tables of random numbers, 7.1, 12.1, 12.2
Ratio Club, 8.1, 8.2
Rattray, Robert Sutherland, 1.1, 1.2
Ratzenberger, Caspar, 14.1, 14.2
Rayleigh, Lord
“recoding” of information, 8.1, 8.2
recordings, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 14.1, 14.2
recursive procedures
in algorithmic proof of randomness, 12.1, 12.2
in Lovelace’s operations for Analytical Engine
paradoxes based on, 6.1, 6.2
in Turing machine operations, 7.1, 7.2
in use of alphabetical ordering systems
redundancy
control of, for communication, 7.1, 7.2
in English language, 1.1, 1.2, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
in genetic code
information content and
in language of talking drums, 1.1, 1.2
mathematical modeling of
in oral literature
predictability and, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 12.1
to prevent telegraph errors
quantifying, in measurement of information, 7.1, 7.2
in quantifying message value
role of, in language, 1.1, 1.2, 7.1
significance of, in cryptanalysis
Regiomontanus
relays, electrical, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
“Reliable Circuits Using Less Reliable Relays” (Shannon)
Reuss, Christoph
Revere, Paul, 1.1, 7.1
rhyme
rhythm
ribosomes
RNA, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 13.1, 13.2
RNA Tie Club, 10.1, 10.2
Roget, Peter
Romme, Gilbert
Roosevelt, Franklin D., prl.1, prl.2, 7.1
Rosen, Nathan
Ross, Alex
RSA encryption
Russell, Bertrand, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 12.1
Russell’s paradox, 6.1, 6.2, 12.1
Safire, William, 3.1, 11.1
Sagan, Carl
sampling, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 12.1
Sapir, Edward
Savage, Leonard, 8.1, 8.2
Schilling, Pavel
Schrödinger, Erwin, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 13.1
science
as algorithmic process, 12.1, 12.2
data compression in laws of
evolution of language for development of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
limits to knowledge in, 12.1, 12.2
in Soviet Union
see also specific discipline
science fiction, epl.1, epl.2
Scientific American, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 11.1, 12.1
Scott, E. Erskine
search engines, 15.1, epl.1, epl.2, epl.3
second law of thermodynamics, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5
Secret Corresponding Vocabulary, The (Smith)
self-awareness, prl.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4
Selfish Gene, The (Dawkins), 10.1, 11.1, 11.2
selfish genes, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11.1
self-organizing systems
self-referencing, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 7.2
self-replication
as ability of living organisms
of chain letters, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3
crystal capacity for
disease analogy, 11.1, 11.2
DNA
machine, 8.1, 8.2
as mission of genes, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7
through imitation
see also meme(s)
semiconductor
sensory processing
server farms, 11.1, 14.1
set theory, 6.1, 6.2
Shaffner, Taliaferro
Shakespeare, William, 3.1, 3.2
Shannon, Betty Moore, 7.1, 7.2
Shannon, Catherine Wolf
Shannon, Claude, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 13.1
ballistics research of, 6.1, 6.2
at Bell Labs, prl.1, prl.2, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5
in Conference on Cybernetics, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8
cryptography work of, prl.1, prl.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7
data compression studies of, prl.1, prl.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3
early life and education, 6.1,