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nh

Hereditary title of the ruler of the Dutch empire from 1572 to 1795.

ni

After defeating British admiral Robert Blake in 1652, Dutch admiral Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp sailed up and down the English Channel with a broom tied to his masthead as a sign that he would sweep the British navy from the seas.

nj

Oloff Van Cortlandt (1600-1684), one of the founders of the Dutch colony at Manhattan.

nk

MSS. of the Rev. John Heckwelder; New York Historical Society [Irving’s note]. John Heckwelder (1743-1823) was a Moravian missionary to the Native American tribes in the Ohio River Valley. He transcribed an account of the Dutch settlement of Manhattan from elders of the Delaware and Mohegan tribes. See the New York Historical Society Collections, second series, vol. 1 (1841), pages 71-74.

nl

See footnote on p. 395.

nm

That is, the ends of the earth, after the ancient name for the two promontories at the eastern end of the Straits of Gibraltar, where the Mediterranean Sea meets the Atlantic.

nn

The utmost limit (Latin).

no

Second Dutch director-general of New Netherland (1632-1637).

np

That is, the sun; after Phoebus Apollo, the god of light in Greek mythology.

nq

See endnote 2 to Salmagundi.

nr

In Aesop’s fable “The Frogs Desiring a King,” Jove (Zeus) throws down a log in answer to the frogs’ prayer for a great ruler; when the frogs become dissatisfied, he sends them a stork, which devours them. The lesson is that a ruler who does nothing is preferable to a tyrant.

ns

Caliph in the Arabian Nights tale “Abou Hassan, or the Sleeper Awakened.”

nt

In Roman mythology, after Jupiter defeated the Titans, the Titan ruler Saturn fled Mount Olympus, settled in Rome, and founded a community in which all people were equal and harvests were plentiful.

nu

Peninsula off Russia’s eastern Siberian coast.

nv

Northern region of Scandinavia and northwestern Russia.

nw

Two-wheeled, horse-drawn carriages.

nx

Loose trousers or hose leggings.

ny

That is, gambling.

nz

In Greek mythology, the prince Acis falls in love with Galatea, a sea nymph, and is murdered by the jealous Cyclops Polyphemus; Irving most likely has in mind the libretto of Georg Friedrich Handel’s opera Acis and Galatea (c.1718).

oa

In book 7 of Homer’s Iliad, the hero Ajax’s brass shield is described as being covered with seven folds of a bull’s hide.

ob

That is, Willem Kieft, third Dutch director-general of New Netherland (1638-1646).

oc

Named after London’s Newgate Prison, The Newgate Calendar; or, Malefactor’s Bloody Register (first published 1774) contained narrative accounts of notorious crimes.

od

Spoils of war (Latin).

oe

Buddhist monk at Peking (modern-day Beijing, China).

of

Roman aristocrat and tribune (153?-121 B.C.) who sponsored agrarian reforms that were considered radical by the Senate; he was assassinated, in part because his unorthodox political tactics angered his opponents.

og

The Gauls, Goths, and Vandals were ancient European peoples who harried the Roman Empire from c.300 to c.455 B.C.

oh

Numa Pompilius, legendary king of Rome who succeeded Romulus and ruled with the help of the nymph Egeria.

oi

Xanthippe, the wife of Greek philosopher Socrates (c.470-399 B.C.), is infamous for having been shrewish and scolding; compare her with Dame Van Winkle (see pp. 74 and 88).

oj

The following cases in point appear in Hazard’s Collection of State Papers.

“In the meantime, they of Hartford have not onely usurped and taken in the lands of Connecticott, although unrighteously and against the lawes of nations but have hindered our nation in sowing theire own purchased broken up lands, but have also sowed them with corne in the night, which the Nederlanders had broken up and intended to sowe: and have beaten the servants of the high and mighty the honored companie, which were laboring upon theire master’s lands, from theire lands, with sticks and plow staves in hostile manner laming, and among the rest, struck Ever Duckings [Evert