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1760s; painted S.J. on a number of occasions; founded the Literary Club for S.J. ‘s closest circle (1764); president of the Royal Academy (1768); Discourses (first complete edition, 1797) for the Royal Academy still in print today; mayor of Plympton (1773); Burke and Fox among his closest friends; principal painter-in-ordinary to the King (1784); read and commended the draft of Burke’s Reflections; dominated the British art world in the second half of the eighteenth century: 3, 7, 75 n. a, 83, 84, 94, 95, 113, 114, 124, 133, 134, 143 n. b, 160, 163, 175, 177, 182 and n. a, 194, 198, 199, 200, 201, 203, 208, 219 n. b, 251, 252 and n. c, 253, 254, 255, 269, 282 and n. a, 284, 285, 304, 305, 306, 316, 333, 335, 336, 383, 385, 404,419, 426,436, 447,455, 466 n. b, 479, 480, 504, 521, 539, 553, 562, 563, 567, 571, 621, 627, 648, 659, 664, 666n. a, 688, 691, 692, 695, 696, 699, 700,701, 702,703, 706,709, 713,721, 723,724, 729,731, 733,734, 754, 766, 772, 775 n. b, 778, 780, 793, 804, 806, 807, 811, 812, 816, 817, 818, 837, 838, 853, 854,863, 865, 866, 874,884, 887, 898, 902,918, 920,938, 940,941, 944 andn.b,946, 947, 948, 949, 950, 951, 953, 955,956 andn.a,967, 989n.a, 996, 1000 n. c, 1001

Rich, John (1682?–1761), pantomimist and theatre manager; produced The Beggar’s Opera (1727), the biggest commercial theatrical success of the century; exploited the physicality of the Italian commedia dell’arte; used the funds from his successestofounda theatreatCovent Garden, Rival to Garrick at Drury Lane; founded the Sublime Society of Beefsteaks (1735); left Covent Garden to his son-in-law, John Beard, until sold to Colman and his associates in 1767: 664

Richards, Thomas (1710?–90), lexicographer and Church of England clergyman; chiefly remembered for his Anglo-Welsh dictionary, Antiquae linguae Britanni-cae thesaurus (1753), running to three editions: 106

Richardson, Jonathan (1665–1745), portrait painter and writer; declined two invitations to be court painter; the most important and prolific English writer on art of the first half of the eighteenth century; author of An Essay on the Theory of Painting (1715); friend of Pope and Prior: 74–5 and n. a, 83

Richardson, Jonathan, the younger (1694–1771), son of Jonathan Richardson the elder and occasional painter: 74–5 and n. a, 83

Richardson, Miss, the novelist’s daughter, see Bridgen, Mrs Martha

Richardson, Samuel (1689–1761), printer and author; printer of the True Briton (1723–4); author of the novels Pamela (1740), a huge success that popularized the epistolary form, and Clarissa (1747–8); style and form parodied by Fielding, his great rival, in Shamela (1740); considered by S.J. as valuable for his ‘sentiment’; considerable influence on Jane Austen, who claimed to know the author by heart: 85, 113, 175 and n. c, 198, 203, 276, 288, 307, 326, 352–3, 622, 693, 765, 778 and n. a

Richmond, DrRichard (1727–80), bishop of Sodor and Man: 745

Riddell, Lieutenant George (d. 1783), of the Horse Guards: 879 n. 1121

Ridley, Thomas (d. 1782), London bookseller and publisher: 699

Ritter, Joseph, J. B.’s Bohemian servant: 313, 482 and n. a, 640

Rivers, Richard Savage, 4th Earl (c.1654–1712), army officer; Lieutenant and Lieutenant Colonel of the 4th troop of Horse Guards (1786); Justice of the Peace in Lancashire (1687); principal leader of the Treason Club, a group with ties to Monmouth; Whig MP for Liverpool (1690); Major-General (1693); custos rotulorum and Lord Lieutenant of Cheshire (1695–1704); Lieutenant General (1697); Commander-in-Chief of the Land Forces (1706) during the War of the Spanish Succession; Privy Councillor (1708); constable of the Tower (1709); Colonel of the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards (1712); oneof the most notorious womanizers of his time and father of the poet Richard Savage: 98–9

Rivington, Charles (1688–1742), London bookseller and publisher: 78 n. a

Robert the Bruce, see Bruce, Robert

Roberts, James (c. 1669–1754), London printer and publisher: 95

Roberts, Miss (fl. 1758–63), oldMr Langton’s niece: 180, 228

Robertson, DrThomas (d. 1799), Scottish divine: