The Looming Tower - Lawrence Wright [217]
Hussein al-Zawahiri: Ayman’s youngest brother, an architect, was rendered by the CIA and the FBI to Egypt, where he was questioned and eventually released in August 2000. He now lives in Cairo.
Mohammed al-Zawahiri: Ayman’s younger brother, who became deputy emir of al-Jihad. An architect by training, he set up the al-Jihad cell in Albania. He resigned from the organization in 1998. He was reputedly captured by Egyptian authorities in Dubai in 2000 and later executed in prison.
Dr. Mohammed Rabie al-Zawahiri: Ayman al-Zawahiri’s father, a professor of pharmacology at Ain Shams University, who died in 1995.
Montassir al-Zayyat: Islamist lawyer in Cairo who was imprisoned with Zawahiri. He eventually wrote a biography of Zawahiri, The Road to al-Qaeda.
NOTES
Where there are attributed quotes in the text that are not cited in the notes, they derive from personal interviews.
1. The Martyr
7 Sayyid Qutb: I am especially indebted to Mohammed Qutb for his generous recollections of his brother. My views of Qutb’s life have also been shaped by communications with John Calvert and Gilles Kepel.
“Should I go”: al-Khaledi, Sayyid Qutb: min al-milad, 194.
Powerful and sympathetic friends: interview with Mohammed Qutb. Qutb names in particular Mahmud Fahmi Nugrashi Pasha, the Egyptian prime minister.
8 not even a very religious man: Shepard, Sayyid Qutb, xv. Mohammed Qutb told me, “For a while, he became more secular.”
he had memorized the Quran: Mohammed Qutb, personal communication.
He had read: al-Khaledi, Sayyid Qutb: min al-milad, 139.
9 “I hate those Westerners”: Qutb, “Al-dhamir al-amrikani.”
“dishonorable” women: John Calvert, “‘Undutiful Boy,’” 98.
The dearest relationship: Mohammed Qutb, personal communication.
“I have decided”: al-Khaledi, Amrika min al-dakhil, 27.
10 “half-naked”: al-Khaledi, Sayyid Qutb: min al-milad, 195. Later Qutb would claim that the woman was an agent of the American Central Intelligence Agency, sent to seduce him.
the most prosperous holiday: McCullough, Truman, 621.
Half of the world’s: Johnson, Modern Times, 441.
11 Fully a fourth: White, Here Is New York, 46.
never met one: Mohammed Qutb, personal communication.
English was rudimentary: interview with Mohammed Qutb.
“Here in this strange place”: Sayyid Qutb, letter to Anwar el-Maadawi, in al-Khaledi, Sayyid Qutb: al-adib, 157–58.
12 “black elevator operator”: Ibid., 195–96.
Kinsey researcher: Manchester, The Glory and the Dream, 479.
Qutb was familiar: Qutb, Shade of the Qur’an, 6:143. The Kinsey Report is rendered “McKenzie” in this translation.
12 “a reckless”: Qutb, Majallat al-kitab, 666–69.
“Every time a husband”: al-Khaledi, Amrika min al-dakhil, 185–86.
13 “Communism is creeping”: Frady, Billy Graham, 236.
one of every 1,814 people: Oshinsky, A Conspiracy So Immense, 96.
“They are everywhere”: ibid., 97.
“Either Communism must die”: Frady, Billy Graham, 237.
“Either we shall walk”: Shepard, Sayyid Qutb, 354.
14 he saw in the party of Lenin: interview with Gamal al-Banna.
“like a vision”: ibid., 34.
“a complete system”: ibid., 51.
“The city”: White, Here Is New York, 54.
Qutb moved to Washington: Calvert, “‘Undutiful Boy,’” 93.
“Life in Washington”: ibid., 94.
15 “a primitiveness”: Qutb, “Amrika allati ra’ayt” (b).
“I’m here at a restaurant”: Sayyid Qutb, letter to Tewfiq al-Hakeem, in al-Khaledi, Amrika min al-dakhil, 154.
“Whenever I go”: Qutb, “Amrika allati ra’ayt” (c).
“who knows full well”: Qutb, “Amrika allati ra’ayt” (b).
“Today the enemy”: Mohammed Qutb, personal communication. Qutb attributes the quote to “the doctors themselves” and says, “We, the members of the family, heard it from my brother personally.”
16 “Sheikh Hasan’s followers”: Albion Ross, “Moslem Brotherhood Leader Slain as He Enters Taxi in Cairo Street,” New York Times, February 13, 1949.
a profound shock: interview with Mohammed Qutb.
they had never met: Mohammed Qutb, personal communication.