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designation, for that mountain Gijjhakuṭa—the Vulture Peak. You see, bhikkhus, do you not, that mountain Isigili—the Gullet of the Seers?”—“Yes, venerable sir.”

3. “There used to be this same name, this same designation, for this mountain Isigili—the Gullet of the Seers. For in former times five hundred paccekabuddhas1095 dwelt long on this mountain, the Gullet of the Seers. They were seen entering into this hill; once gone in, they were no longer seen. People who saw this said: ‘This mountain swallows up these seers.’1096 And so it was that this came to be named ‘The Gullet of the Seers.’ I shall tell you, bhikkhus, the names of the paccekabuddhas, I shall relate to you the names of the paccekabuddhas, I shall teach you [69] the names of the paccekabuddhas. Listen and attend closely to what I shall say.”—“Yes, venerable sir,” the bhikkhus replied. The Blessed One said this:

4. “Bhikkhus, the paccekabuddha Ariṭṭha dwelt long on this mountain Isigili. The paccekabuddha Upariṭṭha dwelt long on this mountain Isigili. The paccekabuddha Tagarasikhin1097... Yasassin…Sudassana…Piyadassin…Gandhāra…Piṇḍola… Up̄sabha...Nītha...Tatha...Sutav̄...Bh̄vitatta dwelt long on this mountain Isigili.

5. “These saintly beings, desireless, rid of suffering,

Who each achieved awakening by himself—

Hear me relate the names of these, the greatest

Of men, who have plucked out the dart [of pain].

Ariṭṭha, Upariṭṭha, Tagarasikhin, Yasassin,

Sudassana, and Piyadassin the enlightened,

Gandhāra, Piṇḍola, Upāsabha as well,

Nītha, Tatha, Sutavā, Bhāvitatta. [70]

6. “Sumbha, Subha, Methula, and Aṭṭhama,1098

Then Assumegha, Anīgha, Sudāṭha—

And Hingū, and Hinga, the greatly powerful,

Paccekabuddhas who have destroyed the conduit to being.

Two sages named Jāli, and Aṭṭhaka,

Then Kosala the enlightened, then Subāhu,

Upanemi, and Nemi, and Santacitta

Right and true, immaculate and wise.

Kāḷa, Upakāḷa, Vijita, and Jita;

Anga, and Panga, and Gutijjita too;

Passin conquered acquisition, the root of suffering;

Aparājita conquered Māra’s power.

Satthar, Pavattar, Sarabhanga, Lomahaṁsa,

Uccangamāya, Asita, Anāsava,

Manomaya, and Bandhumant the free from pride,

Tadādhimutta stainless and resplendent;

Ketumbarāga, Mātanga, and Ariya,

Then Accuta, Accutagāma, Byāmaka,

Sumangala, Dabbila, Supatiṭṭhita,

Asayha, Khemābhirata, and Sorata,

Durannaya, Sangha, and then Ujjaya;

Another sage, Sayha, of noble endeavour.

And twelve between—Ānandas, Nandas, and Upanandas—

And Bhāradvāja bearing his last body;

Then Bodhi, Mahānāma the supreme,

Bhāradvāja with fair-crested mane;

Tissa and Upatissa not bound to being;

Upasīdarin, and Sīdarin, free from craving.

Enlightened was Mangala, free from lust;

Usabha cut the net, the root of suffering.

Upanīta attained the state of peace,

Purified, excellent, truly named.

Jeta, Jayanta, Paduma, and Uppala,

Padumuttara, Rakkhita, and Pabbata, [71]

Mānatthaddha glorious, Vītarāga

And Kaṇha enlightened with mind released.

7. “These and also other great and mighty

Paccekabuddhas no more led to being—

Honour these sages who, having gone beyond all ties,

Have attained final Nibbāna, past all measure.”

Mahācattārı̄saka Sutta

The Great Forty

1. THUS HAVE I HEARD. On one occasion the Blessed One was living at S̄āvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Park. There he addressed the bhikkhus thus: “Bhikkhus.”—“Venerable sir,” they replied. The Blessed One said this:

2. “Bhikkhus, I shall teach you noble right concentration with its supports and its requisites.1099 Listen and attend closely to what I shall say.”—“Yes, venerable sir,” the bhikkhus replied. The Blessed One said this:

3. “What, bhikkhus, is noble right concentration with its supports and its requisites, that is, right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, and right mindfulness? Unification of mind equipped with these seven factors is called noble right concentration with its supports and its requisites.