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Saez & Thomas Piketty, Income Inequality in the United States, 1913–1998, Q. J. Econ. 118(1) (2003), tables available at http://www.econ.berkeley.edu/~saez/TabFig2008.xls; also Lawrence Mishel, Another Day, One Less Dollar, June 3, 2010, available at http://www.epi.org. For increase in working hours, see Jared Bernstein, The Rise in Family Work Hours Leads Many Americans to Struggle to Balance Work and Family, July 7, 2004, available at epi.org. For data on debt, see Household Debt Soars in Past Two Decades, available at http://www.stateofworkingamerica.org/charts/view/214. For data on poverty, see Elise Gould & Heidi Shierholz, A Lost Decade: Poverty and Income Trends Paint a Bleak Picture for Working Families, Sept. 16, 2010, available at http://www.epi.org.

9. See JONAH LEHRER, HOW WE DECIDE 59–61 (2009).

10. Now we understand this phenomenon scientifically. Remember the study discussed in chapter three revealing that the part of the brain that anticipates pain lights up when you see the price of a product. If the pain of paying can be reduced—by the use of chips, for example—then you are more likely to spend, or bet, more.

11. RICHARD POSNER, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW 15 (3d ed., 1986).

12. See generally, PHILIP J. HILTS, SMOKE SCREEN: THE TRUTH BEHIND THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY COVER-UP (1996).

13. See Lester P. Silverman & Nancy L. Spruill, Urban Crime and the Price of Heroin, 4 J. OF URBAN ECON. 80, 80–103 (Jan. 1977) (estimating that a 50 percent increase in the price of heroin would result in a 13 percent decrease in the quantity of heroin consumed); Don Weatherburn & Browyn Lind, The Impact of Law Enforcement Activity on a Heroin Market, 92 Addiction, 557, 557–569 (May 1997) (finding that two-thirds of those who sought entry to methadone programs in Australia indicated the price as a reason for stopping using heroin).

14. See, e.g., Jon Hanson & Douglas Kysar, Taking Behavioralism Seriously: The Problem of Market Manipulation, 74 N.Y.U. L. Rev. 632 (1999); Adam Benforado & Jon Hanson, The Great Attributional Divide: How Divergent Views of Human Behavior Are Shaping Legal Policy, 57 EMORY L.J. (2008).

15. Iyengar, supra, at 185–87.

16. This account is based on reporting by CNN. See Nic Robertson, Man Must Choose Between Selling Kidney or Child, CNN.com, July 16, 2009.

17. Larry Rohter, The Organ Trade: A Global Black Market; Tracking the Sale of a Kidney on a Path of Poverty and Hope, N.Y. TIMES, May 23, 2004; Jeneen Interlandi, Not Just Urban Legend, NEWSWEEK, Jan. 19, 2009, available at http://www.newsweek.com; David Porter & Carla K. Johnson, 1st Case of U.S. Organ Trafficking? NYC Man Accused of Buying Kidneys Abroad, Selling at Hefty Profit, The Associated Press, July 24, 2009.

18. Interlandi, supra.

19. See Baby-Selling by Organised Syndicates Is Big Business in Malaysia, AsiaNews. it, Sept. 28, 2005.

20. UNICEF, Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse, http://www.unicef.org/protection/index_exploitation.html (last updated Sept. 11, 2010). Andrew Bushell, Sale of Children Thrives in Pakistan, THE WASHINGTON TIMES, Jan. 21, 2002. More recently, there is evidence that children are being sold to the Taliban for use as suicide bombers. Prices for children, as young as eleven, are between $6,000 and $12,000. Nic Robertson, Pakistan: Taliban Buying Children for Suicide Attacks, CNN, July 7, 2009, available at http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/asiapcf/07/07/pakistan.child.bombers/index.html. The European Union Times, Thai Couple Regrets Selling Their 13 yr. Daughter for $114, They Wish They’d Got $228, Mar. 22, 2010, available at http://www.eutimes.net.

21. Associated Press, Parents Accused of Selling Sex with Teen Daughter to Pay Off Minivan, Mar. 3, 2010, available at http://www.komonews.com/news/national/86256247.html.

22. See (actually, don’t): TAKEN (Twentieth Century Fox 2008).

23. For wombs, see Sam Dolnick, Pregnancy Becomes Latest Job Outsourced to India, Associated Press, Dec. 30, 2007; Yoo Jin Jung, Outsourcing Pregnancy?, ILLINOIS BUS. LAW JOURNAL,