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37. Stephen Fox, The American Conservation Movement (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985), pp. 244–250.

38. Leopold, “Threatened Species.”

39. Morgan Sherwood, Big Game in Alaska: A History of Wildlife and People (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981), p. 8.

40. Frank Dufresne, Alaska’s Animals and Fishes (Portland, OR: Metropolitan, 1946); Frank Dufresne, My Way Was North: An Alaskan Autobiography (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1966); Frank Dufresne, No Room for Bears (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1965).

41. Frank Dufresne, “Alaska General Correspondence,” in Alaska Reports, January 1924, General Bureau of the Biological Survey, Record Group 22, National Archives, Washington, DC.

42. Quoted in Sherwood, Big Game in Alaska, p. 55.

43. Dufresne, Alaska’s Animals and Fishes, pp. 296–297.

1. James Garfield Diary, October 4, 1909, James R. Garfield Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

2. Warren G. Harding, Executive Order 3421, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK.

3. Hasia Diner, “Teapot Dome, 1924,” in Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. and Robert Burns (eds.), Congress Investigates: A Documented History, 1792–1974 (New York: Chelsea House, 1975).

4. Thomas Fleming, “History’s Revenge,” New York Times, February 23, 1998.

5. Warren Harding, Executive Order No. 3797-A, February 27, 1923. Also David L. Spencer, Claus-M. Naske, and John Carnahan, National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska: A Historical Perspective (Anchorage, AK: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1979), p. 102.

6. Morgan Sherwood, Big Game in Alaska: A History of Wildlife and People (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981), p. 73. See also Stephen Haycox and Alexandra J. McClanahan, Alaska Scrapbook (Anchorage, AK: CIRI Foundation, 2007), p. 95.

7. Stephen Haycox, Alaska: An American Colony (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002), p. 235.

8. Peter A. Coates, The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Controversy: Technology, Conservation, and the Frontier (Bethlehem, PA: Lehigh University Press, 1991), p. 53.

9. June Allen, “What Did Kill Warren G. Harding,” Stories in the News (Ketchikan, AK), July 23, 2003.

10. Actually a misquotation, according to the Calvin Coolidge Memorial Foundation.

11. Bill Mares, Fishing with the Presidents (Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 1999), pp. 66–70.

12. Judith St. George, The Mount Rushmore Story, Part 2 (New York: Putnam, 1985), p. 128.

13. T. H. Watkins, Righteous Pilgrim: The Life and Times of Harold L. Ickes, 1874–1952 (Holt, 1992), pp. 318–319.

14. William Skinner Cooper, “The Recent Ecological History of Glacier Bay, Alaska,” Ecology, Vol. 4 (1923), pp. 93–128.

15. Charles Sheldon, The Wilderness of Denali (New York: Scribner, 1930).

16. Quoted in Kendrick A. Clements, Hoover, Conservation, and Consumerism: Engineering the Good Life (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000), p. 69.

17. Benjamin Franklin to Sarah Bache, January 26, 1784. Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Washington, DC.

18. Peter Matthiessen, Wildlife in America (New York: Viking, 1959), p. 170.

19. Aldo Leopold to Karl T. Frederick, December 20, 1935, Leopold Papers, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

20. Susan L. Flader and J. Baird Callicott (eds.), The River of the Mother of God and Other Essays by Aldo Leopold (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991), p. 77.

21. Robert Lewis Taylor, “Oh, Hawk of Mercy!” New Yorker, April 17, 1948.

22. Keith L. Bildstein, Migrating Raptors of the World: Their Ecology and Conservation (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2006), p. ix.

23. Dyana Z. Furmansky and Rosalie Edge, Hawk of Mercy: The Activist Who Saved Nature from the Conservationists (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2009), p. 130.

24. Ibid., pp. 164–165.

25. Barry Lopez, Arctic Dreams: Imagination and Desire in a Northern Landscape (New York: Vintage, 2001), p. 390.

26. Kim Heacox, Alaska’s Inside Passage (Portland, OR: Graphic Arts Center, 1997), p. 99.

27. Scott R. Ferris, “Introduction,” in Rockwell Kent,