The Rational Optimist_ How Prosperity Evolves - Matt Ridley [173]
p. 54 ‘Their genes, marked by the L3 mitochondrial type, suddenly expanded and displaced most others in Africa’. Atkinson, Q.D., Gray, R.D. and Drummond, A.J. 2009. Bayesian coalescent inference of major human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup expansions in Africa. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276:367–73.
p. 55 ‘living in large social groups on a plentiful diet both encourages and allows brain growth’. Dunbar, R. 2004. The Human Story. Faber and Faber.
p. 55 ‘a fortuitous genetic mutation triggered a change in human behaviour’. Klein, R.G. and Edgar, B. 2002. The Dawn of Human Culture. John Wiley.
p. 55 ‘FOXP2, which is essential to speech and language in both people and songbirds’. Fisher, S.E. and Scharff, C. 2009. FOXP2 as a molecular window into speech and language. Trends in Genetics 25:166–77.doi:10.1016/j.tig.2009.03.002 A.
p. 55 ‘the mutations even change the way mice pups squeak’. Enard, W. et al. 2009. A humanized version of FOXP2 affects cortico-basal ganglia circuits in mice. Cell 137:961–71.
p. 55 ‘Neanderthals share the very same two mutations’. Krause, J. et al. 2007. The derived FOXP2 variant of modern humans was shared with Neandertals. Current Biology 17:1908–12.
p. 57 ‘as Leda Cosmides and John Tooby put it’. Cosmides, L. and Tooby, J. 1992. Cognitive adaptations for social exchange. In The Adapted Mind (eds J.H. Barkow, L. Cosmides and J. Tooby). Oxford University Press.
p. 57 ‘In Adam Smith’s words’. Both Adam Smith quotes are from book 1, part 2, of The Wealth of Nations (1776).
p. 57 ‘In the grasslands of Cameroon’. Rowland and Warnier, quoted in Shennan, S. 2002. Genes, Memes and Human History. Thames & Hudson.
p. 59 ‘The primatologist Sarah Brosnan tried to teach two different groups of chimpanzees about barter’. Brosnan, S.F., Grady, M.F., Lambeth, S.P., Schapiro, S.J. and Beran, M.J. 2008. Chimpanzee autarky. PLOS ONE 3(1):e1518. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001518.
p. 59 ‘Chimpanzees and monkeys can be taught to exchange tokens for food’. Chen, M.K. and Hauser, M. 2006. How basic are behavioral biases? Evidence from capuchin monkey trading behavior. Journal of Political Economy 114:517–37.
p. 59 ‘not even a hint of this complementarity is found among nonhuman primates.’ Wrangham, R. 2009. Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human. Perseus Books.
p. 60 ‘Birute Galdikas reared a young orang utan’. Galdikas, B. 1995. Reflections of Eden. Little, Brown.
p. 60 ‘fire itself is hard to start, but easy to share’. Ofek, H. 2001. Second Nature: Economic Origins of Human Evolution. Cambridge University Press.
p. 61 ‘males and females specialise and then share food’. Low, B. 2000. Why Sex Matters: a Darwinian Look at Human Behavior. Princeton University Press.
p. 61 ‘men hunt, women and children gather’. Kuhn, S.L. and Stiner, M.C. 2006. What’s a mother to do? A hypothesis about the division of labour and modern human origins. Current Anthropology 47:953–80.
p. 61 ‘making strikingly different decisions about how to obtain resources within that habitat’. Kaplan, H. and Gurven, M. 2005. The natural history of human food sharing and cooperation: a review and a new multi-individual approach to the negotiation of norms. In Moral Sentiments and Material Interests (eds H. Gintis, S. Bowles, R. Boyd and E. Fehr). MIT Press.
p. 62 ‘Martu women in western Australia hunt goanna lizards’. Bliege Bird, R. 1999. Cooperation and conflict: the behavioural ecology of the sexual division of labour. Evolutionary Anthropology 8:65–75.
p. 62 ‘Women demand meat as their social right, and they get it – otherwise they leave their husbands, marry elsewhere or make love to other men’. Biesele, M. 1993. Women Like Meat. Indiana University Press.
p. 62 ‘In the Mersey estuary near Liverpool’. Stringer, C. 2006. Homo Britannicus. Penguin.
p. 63 ‘In the Alyawarre aborigines of Australia’. Bliege Bird, R. and Bird, D. 2008. Why women hunt: risk and contemporary foraging in a Western Desert Aboriginal community. Current Anthropology