The Rational Optimist_ How Prosperity Evolves - Matt Ridley [210]
Darfur 302, 353
Dark Ages 164, 175–6, 215
Darwin, Charles 77, 81, 91–2, 105, 116, 350, 415
Darwin, Erasmus 256
Darwinism 5
Davy, Sir Humphry 221, 412
Dawkins, Richard 5, 51
DDT (pesticide) 297–8, 299
de Geer, Louis 184
de Soto, Hernando 323, 324, 325
de Waal, Frans 88
Dean, James 110
decimal system 173, 178
deer 32–3, 122
deflation 24
Defoe, Daniel 224
deforestation, predictions of 304–5, 339
Delhi 189
Dell (corporation) 268
Dell, Michael 264
demographic transition 206–212, 316, 328, 402
Denmark 200, 344, 366; National Academy of Sciences 280
Dennett, Dan 350
dentistry 45
depression (psychological) 8, 156
depressions (economic) 3, 31, 32, 186–7, 192, 289; see also economic crashes
deserts, expanding 28, 280
Detroit 315, 355
Dhaka 189
diabetes 156, 274, 306
Diamond, Jared 293–4, 380
diamonds 320, 322
Dickens, Charles 220
Diesel, Rudolf 146
Digital Equipment Corporation 260, 282
digital photography 114, 386
Dimawe, battle of (1852) 321
Diocletian, Roman emperor 175, 184
Diodorus 169
diprotodons 69
discount merchandising 112–14
division of labour: Adam Smith on vii, 80; and catallaxy 56; and fragmented government 172; in insects 75–6, 87–8; and population growth 211; by sex 61–5, 136, 376; and specialisation 7, 33, 38, 46, 61, 76–7, 175; among strangers and enemies 87–9; and trust 100; and urbanisation 164
DNA: forensic use 20; gene transfer 153
dogs 43, 56, 61, 84, 125
Doll, Richard 298
Dolphin, HMS 169
dolphins 3, 87
Domesday Book 215
Doriot, Georges 261
‘dot-communism’ 356
Dover Castle 197
droughts: modern 241, 300, 334; prehistoric 54, 65, 334
drug crime 106, 186
DuPont (corporation) 31
dyes 167, 225, 257, 263
dynamos 217, 233–4, 271–2, 289
dysentery 157, 353
eagles 17, 239, 299, 409
East India Company 225, 226
Easter Island 380
Easterbrook, Greg 294, 300, 370
Easterlin, Richard 26
Easterly, William 318, 411
eBay (corporation) 21, 99, 100, 114, 115
Ebla, Syria 164
Ebola virus 307
economic booms 9, 29, 216
economic crashes 7–8, 9, 193; credit crunch (2008) 8–10, 28–9, 31, 100, 102, 316, 355, 399, 411; see also depressions (economic)
ecosystems, dynamism of 250–51, 303, 410
Ecuador 87
Edinburgh Review 285
Edison, Thomas 234, 246, 272, 412
education: Africa 320; Japan 16; measuring value of 117; and population control 209, 210; universal access 106, 235; women and 209, 210
Edwards, Robert 306
Eemian interglacial period 52–3
Egypt: ancient 161, 166, 167, 170, 171, 192, 193, 197, 270, 334; Mamluk 182; modern 142, 154, 192, 301, 323; prehistoric 44, 45, 125, 126; Roman 174, 175, 178
Ehrenreich, Barbara 291
Ehrlich, Anne 203, 301–2
Ehrlich, Paul 143, 190, 203, 207, 301–2, 303
electric motors 271–2, 283
electricity 233–5, 236, 237, 245–6, 337, 343–4; costs 23; dynamos 217, 233–4, 271–2, 289
elephants 51, 54, 69, 303, 321
Eliot, T.S. 289
email 292
emigration 199–200, 202; see also migrations empathy 94–8
empires, trading 160–61; see also imperialism enclosure acts 226, 323, 406
endocrine disruptors 293
Engels, Friedrich 107–8, 136
England: agriculture 194–6, 215; infant mortality 284; law 118; life expectancy 13, 284; medieval population 194–7; per capita income 196; scientific revolution 255–7; trade 75, 89, 104, 106, 118, 169, 194; see also Britain
Enron (corporation) 29, 111, 385
Erie, Lake 17
Erie Canal 139, 283
ethanol 240–42, 300
Ethiopia 14, 316, 319; prehistoric 52, 53, 129
eugenics 288, 329
Euphrates river 127, 158, 161, 167, 177
evolution, biological 5, 6, 7, 49–50, 55–6, 75, 271, 350
Ewald, Paul 309
exchange: etiquette and ritual of 133–4; and innovation 71–2, 76, 119, 167–8, 251, 269–74; and pre-industrial economies 133–4; and property rights 324–5; and rule of law 116, 117–18; and sexual division of labour 65; and specialisation 7, 10, 33, 35, 37–8, 46, 56, 58, 75, 90, 132–3, 350–52, 355, 358–9; and trust 98–100, 103, 104; as unique human trait 56–60; and virtue 100–104; see also bartering; markets; trade
executions 104
extinctions 17, 43, 64, 68, 69–70, 243, 293, 302, 338–9
Exxon (corporation) 111, 115
eye colour