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of local disturbances which might threaten American safety.” (Ib.) The Consul-General, Fitzhugh Lee, was given responsibility for determining when that moment might be. “Two dollars” was to be followed by a second code message, upon receipt of which Captain Sigsbee would leave for Havana instantly. (Ib.) See also May. 135.

3. The following account of TR’s interview with JDL is taken from the latter’s Journal, Jan. 13, 1898, in LON. Extracts from the Journal are published in Mayo, Lawrence S., ed., America of Yesterday (Atlantic Monthly Press, 1923) and Long, Margaret, ed., The Journal of John D. Long (Rindge, N.H., 1956).

4. Long, Journal, Jan. 13, 1898, LON.

5. Mor.758. TR also wrote on the same day to Col. Francis Vinton Greene in a similar vein.

6. Mor.755; TR to B, Jan. 9, 1898.

7. TR to B, Jan. 17, 1898; Mor.767. For a chilling anecdote about TR’s determination to make a “fighter” out of Ted, see Bradley, John, ed., Lady Curzon’s India: Letters of a Vicereine (N.Y., 1985), 133.

8. This attitude has become a characteristic of the Roosevelt family as a whole. But.146.

9. Mor.759–63 has the text of this memo.

10. Ib., 760.

11. Ib., Mor.763; Her.209, 206–7; Mil.93; May.137.

12. De Lôme qu. May.137. See also Mil.58; Morg.356.

13. Mil.97–8.

14. Ib., 95–6; Her.210.

15. TR to B, Jan. 20, 25, 27, 1898; Mor.767.

16. Mor.765, 766, 767

17. See Pri.203 ff. Pra.226, quoting HCL.

18. Morg.356; N.Y. Journal, Feb. 9, 1898.

19. De Lôme qu. Mil.98.

20. See ib., 98–9; Gov. 73–74; Morg. 356-9).

21. This anecdote is based on Bee.546 ff. Beer’s own source was Mlle. Adler’s precisely-dated account of the meeting with TR, which he found in her brother’s papers.

22. MH qu. Bee.548.

23. Mrs. Wainwright qu. Her.210.

24. Mil.96, 100–1; Her.212; Azo.12–14.

25. Long, Journal, Feb. 16, 1898, LON.; Mil.102.

26. Ib., 102; Lee.166.

27. Brown, Charles H., The Correspondents’ War (NY, 1967), 120–1. Ib., ff., gives the fullest account of press coverage of the Maine tragedy.

28. Mil.105; Her.214; ib., 212 (author’s copy has “88” survivors, an obvious typographical mistake for “8”). Because the explosion was forward, only two of the dead were officers.

29. Mil.104, 106.

30. See May. 139–41.

31. Long, Journal, Feb. 17, 1898, LON.; see Lee.166; Mil.108, N.Y. Journal, Feb. 17.

32. Hag.LW.I.141.

33. Mor.775. This was a private letter, written to Benjamin J. Diblee on Feb. 16, as “a Jingo” and “one Porc man to another.” TR was of course scrupulous about expressing such opinions in public.

34. Mor.775, 783. See, e.g., ib., 773–4.

35. N.Y. Journal, Feb. 17, 1898; Brown, Correspondents, 123; Her.217; Mil.108.

36. Ib.; also 110.

37. Sun, Feb. 22, 1898; un. clip in TRB.

38. TR to B, Feb. 19, 1898; Mor.783; ib., 785, 804.

39. Mor.785.

40. Long, Journal, passim, LON. See, e.g., ib., Feb. 25, 1898.

41. Ib.

42. Mor.784–5.

43. Dewey qu. TR.Auto.218. Mil.87 and Her. 12 concur.

44. It will be remembered that the Atlantic Squadron was already menacingly moored off Key West. Her. 209.

45. Long, Journal, Feb. 26, 1898, LON.; Dewey, qu. TR.Auto.218; Bea.61–2; Her.219–20; Mil.112; see also Gar. 186.

46. Mor.784.

47. Long, Journal, Feb. 25, 1898, LON.

48. Ib., Feb. 26, 1898.

49. Not only that, but JDL confirmed it the following day with a redundant order echoing TR’s own words: “Keep full of coal, the very best that can be had.” Perhaps the Secretary wished to give the impression that TR had been anticipating his own policy. In any case, TR was entirely within his rights to act the way he did on Feb. 25. A written memorandum of JDL, dated Apr. 21, 1897, states specifically: “… You will, at all times when the Secretary of the Navy shall be absent from the Department, whether such absence shall continue during the whole or any part of an official day, perform the duties of the Secretary of the Navy and sign all orders and other papers appertaining to such duties.” (TRP.)

50. Long, Journal, Feb. 26, 1898, LON.

51. See, e.g., Bea.61–3; Her.220; Mor.784 fn. For a critical view, see Lee.169. The fallacy that HCL helped TR draft his Dewey