The Secret History of MI6 - Keith Jeffery [455]
5 Cecil, ‘“C”’s war’, 177.
6 Training Sheet for Per Ingebrightsen, Apr. 1943 (Norges Hjemmefront Museum, Oslo, FO II/8.5 Daec 0002 Diverse).
7 Menzies to Cadogan, 2 Nov. 1944 (PUSD papers, FCO).
8 Cecil, ‘Five of Six at war’, 348 (which draws on information made available to Cecil by Cowgill himself).
9 Hinsley and Simkins, British Intelligence, iv, 132-7, covers this and other aspects of SIS-MI5 relations.
10 Petrie to Menzies (with attachment), 17 Apr., and reply, 11 May 1942 (TNA, KV 4/120). For the internal organisation of MI5 during the Second World War, see Andrew, Defence of the Realm, Section C.
11 Cecil, ‘Five of Six at war’, 347; Hinsley and Simkins, British Intelligence, iv, 137.
12 Hinsley, British Intelligence, ii, 18-19.
13 Biographical information on Coggia from ‘Order of the Liberation website’ www.ordredelaliberation.fr (accessed 4 Oct. 2007). For Jones in captivity, see Bethge, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, 850-1; Wood (ed.), Detour, 103-4 and plate 13; and Pringle, Colditz Last Stop, 146-9.
14 Verstraete is identified as an SIS agent in Richards, Secret Flotillas, ii, 205, 366, 381.
15 Paillole, Services spéciaux, 429-34.
16 For Bowlby’s prediction, see above p. 425.
17 The sports equipment arrived towards the end of December 1943.
18 The circumstances of Costa Lawrence’s death are disputed, as noted in Nigel Clive’s engrossing memoir, A Greek Experience.
19 See Baxter, ‘Sir Hughe Knatchbull-Hugessen’ and ‘Forgeries and spies’.
20 Howard, British Intelligence, v, 49-50; see also Hinsley and Simkins, British Intelligence, iv, 211-12.
21 The Heinkel He-177 Griffon heavy bomber was, in fact, a spectacular German design failure.
CHAPTER 15: FROM SWITZERLAND TO NORMANDY
1 ‘Information received from Source JX/Knopf from Feb. 1942 to Apr. 1943’ (TNA, WO 208/4309). For German counter-intelligence efforts against Choynacki, see Laqueur and Breitman, Breaking the Silence, 174-7.
2 Gisevius’s version of events is in his memoir, To the Bitter End, for which Allen Dulles wrote an introduction.
3 Hinsley and Simkins, British Intelligence, iv, 200-1; see also McKay, ‘Krämer case’. The MI5 side of things can be followed in TNA, KV 2/144-57.
4 See Thomas, ‘Norway’s role in British wartime intelligence’, 124-6. Original SIS ship-watchers’ reports have survived in Norway. See, for example, Jan.-July 1943 in Norges Hjemmefront Museum, Oslo, FO II/8.6 N-RAP, box 17.
5 Olsen wrote a memoir of his activities, Two Eggs on my Plate.
6 Mackenzie, Secret History of SOE, 299-300.
7 For examples of other SIS work against German air defences see Hinsley, British Intelligence, ii, 248-52.
8 See, for example, Service Clarence reports nos 56-142, Aug. 1942-Mar. 1944 (Service Clarence papers, boxes 2-5).
9 For Ascension generally, see Pidgeon, Secret Wireless War.
10 ‘No path of flowers leads to glory’ (from Lafontaine’s Fables, x, 14).
11 Rémy, Livre du courage, ii, 60-2, gives a French perspective.
12 Fourcade’s account is in her memoir, L’Arche de Noé, 339-452.
13 Lubicz’s network is reported to have grown to 1,500 members during 1944 (see Stirling et al. (eds), Intelligence Co-operation, 242).
14 For the Polish involvement see ibid., 221-3. Czerniawski was also known as ‘Armand Walenty’ (see TNA, KV 2/72-3).
15 See also Rygor’s memoirs, Rygor Słowikowski, In the Secret Service, 213.
16 For a further account of V-weapons intelligence, see Hinsley, British Intelligence, iii, part 1, 357-414.
17 For the threat from long-range weapons and the Allied response, see Collier, Defence of the United Kingdom, 331-421.
18 The intelligence situation during the planning stage and up to D-Day is described in Hinsley, British Intelligence, iii, part 2, 10-101.
19 Ibid., ii, 12-13, and iii, part 2, 11-12, 753-5. The Martian reports are in TNA, WO 219/1933-42.
20 See, for example, TNA, WO 208/4312, for MI14 appreciations from 1 Jan. to 11 June 1944. For pre-Mar. 1944 ‘Summary of MI14 indications files’, see TNA, WO 208/4307-12.
21