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June 8, 2009 (nytimes.com/2009/06/09/business/

global/09shell.html?_r=1&ref=global).

126. Shai Oster, “Shell to Start Talks with Nigeria,” The Wall Street Journal, May 31, 2005, page A7.

127. “The Ogoni Issue,” Shell Oil (shell.com/home/content/nigeria/about_shell/

issues/ogoni/ogoni.html).

128. Oil for Nothing: Multinational Corporations, Environmental Destruction, Death and Impunity in the Niger Delta, a U.S. nongovernmental delegation trip report, September 6–20, 1999, p. 18 (essentialaction.org/shell/Final_Report.pdf).

129. “Bowoto v. Chevron Case Overview,” Earth Rights International (earthrights.org/site_blurbs/bowoto_v_

chevrontexaco_case_overview.html).

130. David Morris and Irshad Ahmed, The Carbohydrate Economy: Making Chemicals and Industrial Materials from Plant Matter (Washington, D.C.: Institute for Local Self-Reliance, 1992). This and many other titles about alternatives to petroleum are listed on the website of the Institute for Local Self-Reliance at ilsr.org/pubs/pubscarbo.html.

131. Sustainable Biomaterials Collaborative website: sustainablebiomaterials.org.

132. “Electricity Overview,” based on data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), Key World Energy Statistics 2008, Pew Center on Global Climate Change (pewclimate.org/technology/overview/electricity).

133. Shaila Dewan, “T.V.A. to Pay $43 Million on Projects in Spill Area,” The New York Times, September 14, 2009 (nytimes.com/2009/09/15/us/15ash.html).

134. Jeff Goodell, Big Coal: The Dirty Secret Behind America’s Energy Future (New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2006), p. 146.

135. Ibid., p. 10.

136. Ibid., p. xx.

137. “National Memorial for the Mountains,” iLoveMountains.org (ilovemountains.org/memorial).

138. Deborah Bräutigam, Taxation and Governance in Africa, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, April 2008 (aei.org/outlook/27798).

139. United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted by the General Assembly September 13, 2007 (un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/en/declaration.html).

140. “Sustainable Development and Indigenous Peoples,” International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (iwgia.org/sw219.asp).

141. “Extractive Industries,” issue brief, World Bank Group (ifc.org/ifcext/media.nsf/AttachmentsByTitle/

AM08_Extractive_Industries/$FILE/AM08_

Extractive_Industries _IssueBrief.pdf).

142. “Environmental and Social Policies,” Bank Information Center (bicusa.org/EN/Issue.Background.4.aspx).

143. Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (eiti.org/ru/node/614).

144. “Anti World Bank, IMF Activists Say,” Agence France-Presse, March 14, 2000 (globalpolicy.org/component/content

/article/209/43161.html).

145. “World Bank Bonds Boycott,” Center for Economic Justice (econjustice.net/wbbb/).

146. Jared Diamond, “What’s Your Consumption Factor?” The New York Times, January 2, 2008 (nytimes.com/2008/01/02/opinion/02diamond.html).

147. “The State of Consumption Today,” Worldwatch Institute (worldwatch.org/node/810).

148. “Earth Overshoot Day,” Global Footprint Network (footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN

/page/earth_overshoot_day/). For much more detailed information on the resource use of individual countries, see the Living Planet Report 2008, coauthored by the World Wildlife Fund and the Global Footprint Network (footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/

page/national_assessments/).

149. One Planet Living website: oneplanetliving.org/index.html.

150. Ibid.

151. Hawken and Hunter, Natural Capitalism, p. 8.

152. “1994 Declaration of the Factor 10 Club” Factor 10 Institute (techfak.uni-bielefeld.de/~walter/f10/declaration94.html).

Chapter 2: Production

1. Many references, including: Our Stolen Future (Ourstolenfuture.org); State of the World 2006, Worldwatch Institute; Nancy Evans, ed., State of the Evidence 2006, executive summary, Breast Cancer Fund, p. 4 (breastcancerfund.org/atf/cf/%7BDE68F7B2–5F6A-4B57–9794-AFE5D27A3CFF%7D/State%20of%20the%20Evidence%202006.pdf); Gay Daly, “Bad Chemistry,” OnEarth, Winter 2006 (nrdc.org/onearth/06win/chem1.asp).

2. “Of the more than

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