The Two-Income Trap - Elizabeth Warren [107]
65 Martha Minow argues that “daring changes” are needed to increase parental involvement and promote accountability in the schools. Partners, Not Rivals: Privatization and the Public Good (Boston: Beacon Press, 2003).
66 Laurent Belsie, “Preschools Are Popping at the Seams,” Christian Science Monitor, July 9, 2002, p. 13.
67 Belsie, “Preschools Are Popping at the Seams,” p. 13.
68 Children’s Defense Fund, Key Facts: Essential Information About Child Care, Early Education, and School-Age Care (Washington, DC: CDF, 2000).
69 Anna Quindlen, “Building Blocks for Every Kid,” Newsweek, February 12, 2001.
70 Vicki Iovine, The Girlfriends’ Guide to Toddlers: A Survival Manual to the “Terrible Twos” (and Ones and Threes) from the First Step, the First Potty, and the First Word (“No”) to the Last Blankie (New York: Berkley Publishing Group, 1999): 240.
71 Suzanne Helburn et al., Cost, Quality, and Child Care Outcomes in Child Care Centers (Denver: Center for Research in Economic and Social Policy, University of Colorado at Denver, 1995).
72 National Council of Jewish Women, Opening a New Window on Child Care: A Report on the Status of Child Care in the Nation Today (New York: NCJW, 1999), p. 6.
73 Kate N. Grossman, “Pre-kindergarten Lures Middle Class to Public School,” Chicago Sun-Times, June 10, 2002; in-state tuition and fees at the University of Illinois are $5,748. University of Illinois Web site, at http://www.oar.uiuc.edu/current/tuit.html [12/19/2002].
74 Karen Schulman, The High Cost of Child Care Puts Quality Care Out of Reach for Many Families (Washington, DC: Children’s Defense Fund, 2000), Table A.1, Comparison of Average Annual Child Care Costs in Urban Area Centers to Average Annual Public College Tuition Costs.
75 See, for example, Center on Education Policy, “Gore’s Preschool and Child Care Proposals,” Policy Paper (Washington, DC: CEP, June 2000).
76 “Landing a Man on the Moon: The Public’s View,” Gallup Poll Analyses, July 20, 1999.
77 John Immerwahr and Tony Foleno, Center for Public Policy and Higher Education, Great Expectations: How the Public and Parents—White, African American, and Hispanic—View Higher Education (Washington, DC: Public Agenda, May 2000), Table 1.
78 Immerwahr and Foleno, Great Expectations, Table 3.
79 Immerwahr and Foleno, Great Expectations, p. 1.
80 “57 Percent of UW Freshmen in Top 10 Percent of Class,” Wisconsin State Journal, August 5, 2002.
81 A private college education costs $25,300 a year, about half the entire annual income for an average, middle-class family. Thomas D. Snyder and Charlene M. Hoffman, Digest of Education Statistics, 1999. NCES 2000-031 (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, March 2000), Table 317, Average Undergraduate Tuition and Fees and Room and Board Rates Paid by Full-Time Equivalent Students in Institutions of Higher Education, by Type and Control of Institution, 1964-65 to 1998-99.
82 Immerwahr and Foleno, Great Expectations, Table 1.
83 U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics, 1999, Table 317.
84 BLS, Consumer Price Index Detailed Tables, Annual Averages, 2001. Available at http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpid01av.pdf [12/19/2002]. Table 1A, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: City Average, by Expenditure Category and Commodity and Service Group. Thomas D. Snyder and Charlene M. Hoffman, Digest of Education Statistics, 1999. NCES 2000-031 (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, March 2000), Table 240, Average Salary of Full-Time Instructional Faculty on 9-month Contracts in Institutions of Higher Education, by Academic Rank, Sex, and Control and Type of Institution, 1970-71 to 1997-98.
85 Snyder and Hoffman, Digest of Education Statistics, 1999, Table 317; Bureau of the Census, Historical Income Tables—Families, Current Population Survey, various Annual Demographic Supplements. Table F-10, Presence of Children Under 18 Years Old by Type of Family