The Wealth of Nations_ Books 4-5 - Adam Smith [367]
Speculation, a distinct employment in improved society, 115. Speculative merchants described, 216.
Stage, public performers on, paid for the contempt attending their profession, 209. The political use of dramatic representations, 384.
Stamp duties in England and Holland, remarks on, 454. Steel-bow tenants in Scotland, what, 491.
Stock, the profits raised on, in manufactures, explained, 151. In trade, an increase of, raises wages, and diminishes profit, 190. Must be larger in a great town than in a country village, 192. Natural consequences of a deficiency of stock in new colonies, 194–5. The profits on, little affected by the easiness or difficulty of learning a trade, 205.
But by the risk, or disagreeableness of the business, 214. Stock employed for profit, sets into motion the greater part of useful labour, 357. No accumulation of, necessary in the rude state of society, 371. The accumulation of, necessary to the division of labour, ib. Stock distinguished into two parts, 372. The general stock of a country or society, explained, 375–6. Houses, ib. Improved land, 377. Personal abilities, ib. Money and provisions, 378. Raw materials and manufactured goods, ib. Stock of individuals, how employed, 380. Is frequently buried or concealed, in arbitrary countries, 380–81. The profits on, decrease, in proportion as the quantity increases, 434. On what principles stock is lent and borrowed at interest, 450. That of every society divided among different employments, in the proportion most agreeable to the public interest, by the private views of individuals, 214. The natural distribution of, deranged by monopolising systems, 215. Every derangement of, injurious to the society, 217. Mercantile, is barren and unproductive, according to the French agricultural system of political œconomy, 252. How far the revenue from, is an object of taxation, 440. A tax on, intended under the land tax, 442.
Stockings, why cheaply manufactured in Scotland, 220. When first introduced into England, 353.
Stone quarries, their value depends on situation, 267, 280.
Stones, precious, of no use but for ornament, and how the price of, is regulated, 278. The most abundant mines of, would add little to the wealth of the world, 279.
Subordination, how introduced into society, 298. Personal qualifications, 299. Age and fortune, ib. Birth and fortune two great sources of personal distinction, 300 – 301.
Subsidy, old, in the English customs, the drawbacks upon, 78. Origin and import of the term, 475.
Sugar, a very profitable article of cultivation, 261, 489. Drawbacks on the exportation of, from England, 79. Might be cultivated by the drill plough, instead of all hand labour by slaves, 168. A proper subject for taxation, as an article sold at a monopoly price, 490.
Sumptuary laws superfluous restraints on the common people, 447.
Surinam, present state of the Dutch colony there, 151.
Switzerland, establishment of the Reformation in Berne and Zurich, 395, The clergy there zealous and industrious, 402. Taxes, how paid there, 444.
Taille, in France, the nature of that tax, and its operation, explained, 493, 447.
Talents, natural, not so various in different men as is supposed, 120.
Tartars, their manner of conducting war, 280. Their invasions dreadful, 281.
Tavernier, his account of the diamond mines of Golconda and Visiapour, 277.
Taxes, the origin of, under the feudal government, 496. The sources from whence they must arise, 415. Unequal taxes, ib. Ought to be clear and certain, ib. Ought to be levied at the times most convenient for payment, 417. Ought to take as little as possible out of the pockets of the people, more than is brought into