Theodore Rex - Edmund Morris [344]
79 What he had just Twelve days before, TR had spoken with pride about “this fundamental fact of American life, this acknowledgement that the law of work is the fundamental law of our being” TR, Works, vol. 15, 330.
80 This first year London Daily Mail Yearbook, 1902; Collier’s Weekly, 25 Jan. 1902; Mark Sullivan, Our Times (New York, 1926–1935), vol. 1, 31. Contemporary statistics, cited by an English analyst in Collier’s Weekly, 25 Jan. 1902: The United States was the world’s richest nation, worth $88 billion to Britain’s $55 billion, France’s $45 billion, Germany’s $40 billion, and Russia’s $30 billion. See also articles on United States prosperity in Review of Reviews, Sept. and Oct. 1901; Success, Oct. 1901; and New York Evening Post, 31 Dec. 1901. The best surveys of material America at the turn of the century are the opening chapters of Harold U. Faulkner, The Decline of Laissez-Faire, 1897–1917 (New York, 1951), and George E. Mowry, The Era of Theodore Roosevelt, 1900–1912 (New York, 1958).
81 Indeed, it could consume Faulkner, Decline of Laissez-Faire, 68–69; Sullivan, Our Times, vol. 1, 33; Success, Oct. 1901; Mowry, Era of Theodore Roosevelt, 4; James Ford Rhodes, The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations, 1897–1909 (New York, 1922), 158. August’s export total of $107 million was the largest in United States history (New York Evening Post, 31 Dec. 1901).
82 Even if the United States William Woodruff, America’s Impact on the World (New York, 1975), 115–16; Forum, 19 May 1902; product sampling derived from a survey of popular British periodicals, Sept.–Dec. 1901 (LC); Success, Oct. 1901; Frederick A. McKenzie, The American Invaders (New York, 1901); “The American Commercial Invasion of Europe,” Scribner’s, Jan. and Feb. 1902. For the exuberant overseas expansion of American corporations in 1901, see Mira Watkins, The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from the Colonial Era to 1914 (Cambridge, Mass., 1970), chaps. 4 and 5.
83 As a result Andrew Carnegie, Triumphant Democracy (New York, 1893), 5; Faulkner, Decline of Laissez-Faire, 23, 87; Jean Strouse, Morgan: American Financier (New York, 1999), 442–43; Mowry, Era of Theodore Roosevelt, 4.
84 It was hard Ray Stannard Baker, American Chronicle (New York, 1945), 89–90. See Sidney Fine, Laissez-Faire and the General Welfare State, 1865–1901 (Ann Arbor, 1956).
85 Trees soon barred Williams, “TR Receives.” By 1901 the nation was making more than two billion calls annually.
86 The foreign papers Clarke in New York Herald, 17 Sept. 1901. Foreign press quoted in New York Sun, 16 Sept. 1901.
87 Continental comment was World’s Work, Dec. 1901; TR scrapbooks (TRP). For a presentist French view of TR’s prepresidential character, see Serge Ricard, “Théodore Roosevelt avant la présidence: analyse d’une pensée politique,” Canadian Review of American Studies 12.2 (fall 1981).
88 fifth in the world T. A. Brassey, ed., The Naval Annual, 1902 (Portsmouth, U.K.). Great Britain led the naval ranking, followed by France, Russia, and Germany.
89 About 9:30 Kohlsaat, From McKinley, 98; Clarke in New York Herald, 17 Sept. 1901.
90 For ten minutes Ibid.
91 McKinley had marched With the exception of Grover Cleveland (who had family responsibilities), every President since Lincoln had worn a military uniform during the Civil War. Review of Reviews, Nov. 1901.
92 Powerful commercial Faulkner, Decline of Laissez-Faire, 68–69; Foster Rhea Dulles, America’s Rise to World Power, 1898–1954 (New York, 1955), 46ff.
93 They had trumpeted Downes v. Bidwell, 182 U.S. Reports 244 (1901). In this decision, the Supreme Court found that the new territories were appurtenant to, rather than part of, the United States. As long as they remained thus “unincorporated” into the body politic, their inhabitants could not expect the full