Theodore Rex - Edmund Morris [405]
68 “There is nothing” TR, Presidential Addresses and State Papers, vol. 1, 384. For the popular “California-as-Mediterranean” conceit of TR and his generation, see Kevin Starr, Americans and the Californian Dream (New York, 1973), chap. 12.
69 In a major TR, Presidential Addresses and State Papers, vol. 1, 383–90; Fox, John Muir and His Legacy, 124; The Washington Post, 9 Mar. 1903. For a case study of the largest (and most legally audacious) of TR’s 1902 executive orders, see David E. Conrad, “Creating the Nation’s Largest Forest Reserve: Roosevelt, Emmons, and the Tongass National Forest,” Pacific History Review, Feb. 1977. In 1902, TR also enacted the first game laws of Alaska Territory, preventing the commercialization of deer hunting, and got an appropriation to preserve and maintain the first federal buffalo herd in Yosemite National Park. TR, Autobiography, 435.
70 CONCERN MOUNTED H. W. Taft to William H. Taft, 2 Mar. 1903 (WHT); TR’s arrival in San Francisco after his Stanford address coincided with a guilty plea by the Federal Salt Company in another antitrust suit filed by Knox. San Francisco Chronicle, 13 May 1903; Thorelli, Federal Antitrust Policy, 427–28.
71 A group of financiers Chicago Record-Herald, 31 May 1903; speech transcript (TRB).
72 “Before I came” TR, Presidential Addresses and State Papers, vol. 1, 390–91. Elsewhere in San Francisco, he noted that the city stood “in the exact center” of the United States sphere of influence.
73 “In the South Seas” Ibid., 391–93.
74 The audience “The Manchurian War Scare,” Harper’s Weekly, 23 May 1903; A. Lincoln, “Theodore Roosevelt and the First Russian-American Crisis,” Southern California Quarterly, Dec. 1963; Zabriskie, American-Russian Rivalry, 87; Beale, Theodore Roosevelt, 193; “Comment” scrapbook.
75 In other disturbing Kishinev is modern Chişinau, Moldavia. There were to be three hundred more pogroms over the next three years. Stuart E. Knee, “The Diplomacy of Neutrality: Theodore Roosevelt and the Russian Pogroms of 1903–1906,” Presidential Studies Quarterly, winter 1989.
76 Casualty figures Harper’s Weekly, 6 June 1903; Foreign Relations 1903, 712–15. Although Nicholas II disciplined the Governor of Bessarabia for permitting the massacre, he privately remarked, “Jews themselves … are to blame.” Knee, “Diplomacy of Neutrality.”
77 For the first Taylor Stults, “Roosevelt, Russian Persecution of Jews, and American Public Opinion,” Jewish Social Studies 33.1 (1971); Philip E. Schoenberg, “The American Reaction to the Kishinev Pogrom of 1903,” American Jewish Historical Quarterly, Mar. 1974; John Hay to TR, 28 Apr. and 12 May 1903 (TRP); Raymond A. Esthus, Theodore Roosevelt and the International Rivalries (Waltham, Mass., 1970), 26.
78 Roosevelt was constrained TR, Letters, vol. 3, 474. In April alone, TR had received nearly five hundred communications, endorsed with many thousands of signatures, calling upon the Tsar to stop the persecution of Jews in Russia. Knee, “Diplomacy of Neutrality.”
79 “The inevitable march” TR, Presidential Addresses and State Papers, vol. 1, 394. For an analysis of the formation of TR’s Far Eastern thinking, see Beale, Theodore Roosevelt, 253–63.
80 “Our place as” Ibid., 396. Russia, preoccupied with her own problems, took little notice of TR’s speech. But considerable nervousness about it was expressed in Europe, particularly in Germany (Public Opinion, 21 May 1903).
81 two evenings later New York Tribune, 16 May 1903; TR, Works, vol. 3, 291–92.
82 His companion was William F. Kimes, “With Theodore Roosevelt and John Muir in Yosemite,” in Westerners Los Angeles Corral, Brand Book Fourteen (Los Angeles, 1974), 192. This is the most detailed account of TR’s visit to Yosemite. See also Fox, John Muir and His Legacy, 3–26.
83 The President was TR, Autobiography, 333–34; William Wordsworth, “Lucy,” no. 5; Cutright, Theodore Roosevelt, 117; “I stuffed him pretty well regarding the timber thieves … and other spoilers of the forest,” Muir said afterward. John L.