Theodore Rex - Edmund Morris [435]
53 Aboard the Brooklyn Doris D. Maguire, ed., French Ensor Chadwick: Selected Letters and Papers (Washington, D.C., 1981), 362; Samuel Gummeré to John Hay, 21 June 1904 (NA). Gummeré’s cable was received by the State Department at 1:40 P.M.—i.e., 6:25 P.M. Tangier time. Overnight, the Admiral changed his mind about sending Marines ashore, thus pre-empting an almost certain bloodbath. French E. Chadwick to John Hay, 24 June 1904 (JH); Hourihan, “Roosevelt and the Sultans,” 115.
54 BY NOW, Root’s The New York Times, 22 June 1904.
55 “All except the members” Ibid.
56 Root did not enunciate Ibid.
57 HAY PONDERED Larsen, “Theodore Roosevelt and the Moroccan Crisis,” 65–66. 334 Unable to confront Dennett, John Hay, 402.
58 Hunt came back The last two sentences of this paragraph represent the author’s reading of TR’s attitude. Etzold, “Protection or Politics?” and Larsen, “Theodore Roosevelt and the Moroccan Crisis,” 69–70, feel similarly. Although some historians have doubted that TR authorized or even knew of Hay’s ultimatum in advance, TR himself was specific on 31 Dec. 1915: “I was able to secure the release of [Perdicaris] only by demanding immediate action, and making them understand that when I said action I meant it.” Qu. in Maguire, French Ensor Chadwick, 619.
59 Hay, drafting his John Hay diary, 23 June 1904 (JH).
60 WE WANT PERDICARIS John Hay to Samuel Gummeré, 22 June 1904 (NA).
61 “Then I will” Memorandum by William D. Hassett in EMH, n.d. See also memos by Gretchen Hood and Dudley Haddock, 16 May 1943, in EMH. All three sources say Hood was the originator, in his conversation with Hay, of the phrase Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead. However, Hay, never a boastful man, called the phrase his own “concise impropriety,” and in his diary for the day speaks simply of “my telegram.” Hood’s version of the phrase was less “concise,” with a superfluous either that Hay (a fastidious stylist) would not have permitted himself. At any rate, the journalist got the scoop.
62 But by the time Foreign Relations 1904, 503.
63 HOOD’S DISPATCH Chicago Record-Herald, 23 June 1904.
64 “We declare our” Merrill, Republican Command, 184–86. See Wheaton, “Genius and the Jurist,” 290, for Lodge’s nonauthorship of the GOP platform.
65 When Lodge finished Chicago Record-Herald, 23 June 1904.
66 “Bulletin,” the clerk Ibid.
67 After two days New York Tribune, 23 June 1904, used the phrase “like an electric thrill.”
68 Cannon quickly adjourned TR’s reputation, Etzold remarks in “Protection or Politics?” has suffered from “unjust smudging” by historians who have sought to show that the Raisuli telegram was timed for political effect in Chicago, rather than diplomatic effect at Tangier. There is no evidence that TR was responsible for its timing. Hay, however, did not hesitate to share his “concise impropriety” with the press. In announcing the Scripps-McRae dispatch, Cannon said that it had been “verified,” presumably in a telephone call to the State Department. Etzold comments: “The fact that Roosevelt had resolved on such a position by 15 June, before the convention even opened … makes it clear that the politics of conventioneering had far less to do with the message than long exasperating delays.” See also Hourihan, “Roosevelt and the Sultans,” 123, and Larsen, “Theodore Roosevelt and the Moroccan Crisis,” 25–27.
69 “Events are numberless” Official Proceedings, 147.
70 It was just The New York Times, 24 June 1904.
71 An elemental din Ibid.
72 THE REAL ROOSEVELT Alice Roosevelt diary, 23 June 1904 (ARL).
73 With kisses on The New York Times, 24 June 1904.
74 “Thank Heaven” See also Ion Perdicaris to Samuel Gummeré, 29 June 1904 (NA). Taxed by an indignant Gummeré about his lapsed citizenship (which was finally confirmed in a State Department cable to Loomis on 28 June), Perdicaris said that he had traded his passport in 1861 in order to prevent the Confederacy from attaching some property