This Hallowed Ground - Bruce Catton [264]
6 Rhodes, op. cit., pp. 158-60; A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans, by William E. Connelley, Vol. I, pp. 551-52; Bleeding Kansas, by. Alice Nichols, pp. 105-9.
7 Alleged Assault upon Senator Sumner; report of the Select Committee appointed under the resolution of the House, passed on the 23rd day of May, 1856; Shotwell, op. cit., pp. 331-32.
8 For the conflicting testimony about the seriousness of Sumner’s injuries, see the report of the House Committee, cited above. A grave view of the after effect of the blows is taken in the Shotwell biography of Sumner, p. 342. Brooks’s cane appears to have been a hollow affair made of gutta-percha, easily broken. That Sumner was considered, by himself and his doctors, to have been seriously injured is clearly evident in the letters he wrote and received throughout the summer of 1856. (Manuscript collection owned by Mrs. Mary Reeve of Clearfield, Pennsylvania.)
9 Villard, op. cit., pp. 85, 93, 153.
10 Rhodes, op. cit., p. 162; Villard, op. cit., pp. 153-54.
11 This account of the Pottawatomie murders follows Villard, op. cit., p. 155 et seq.
Where They Were Bound to Go
1 A fascinating description of the Lake Superior-St. Mary’s River country before the building of the Soo Canal is to be found in The Long Ships Passing: The Story of the Great Lakes, by Walter Havighurst, pp. 43-44, 72, 200. See also Michigan: A Guide to the Wolverine State, p. 124.
2 History of the Sault Ste. Marie Canal, by Dwight H. Kelton, pp. 6-15; Michigan: A Guide to the Wolverine State, p. 345; Cleveland, the Making of a City, by William Ganson Rose, pp. 222-24, 236, 274; Havighurst, op. cit., pp. 230-31.
3 Main Line of Mid-America: The Story of the Illinois Central, by Carlton J. Corliss, pp. 63-65, 76, 82, 84; Havighurst, op. cit., p. 83, pp. 128-29.
4 Life in the Middle West, by James S. Clark, pp. 10-15, 25. This artless book contains a singularly ingratiating account of life on the Ohio frontier.
5 Ibid., p. 35.
6 Democracy in the Middle West, by Jeannette P. Nichols and James G. Randall, p. 31. For a good summary of the change that came over the Middle West in the pre-war decade, see The Growth of the American Republic, by Samuel Eliot Morison and Henry Steele Commager, Vol. I, p. 618.
Light Over the Marshes
1 In a speech made at Peoria, Ill., on Oct. 16, 1854. See The Living Lincoln, edited by Paul Augle and Earl Schenck Miers, pp. 161–73.
2 Capt. James Chester, “Inside Sumter in ’61,” from Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Vol. I, pp. 20-31. (This work is cited hereafter as B. & L.) In the same Volume, see also Gen. Abner Doubleday, “From Moultrie to Sumter,” pp. 40-47; in addition, Maj. Anderson’s message to Adj. Gen. Samuel Cooper, Official Records, Vol. I, pp. 2, 3.
3 Scott’s letters are in the Official Records, Vol. I, pp. 112, 114.
4 Official Records, Vol. I, p. 195.
5 Ibid., pp. 196-98.
6 Ibid., pp. 211, 245, 248, 285; B. & L., Vol. I, pp. 65-66.
7 Ibid., pp. 74-76.
Chapter Two: NOT TO BE ENDED QUICKLY
Men Who Could be Led
1 B. & L., Vol. I, p. 85.
2 Sandburg, op. cit., Vol. I, pp. 211-14. For an appraisal of Douglas’s influence in Illinois, see The Borderland in the Civil War, by Edward Conrad Smith, p. 179.
3 The Sherman Letters: Correspondence between General and Senator Sherman from 1837 to 1891, edited by Rachel Sherman Thorndike; p. 110; The Blue and the Gray, edited by Henry Steele Commager, pp. 40, 43; The Rebellion Record, edited by Frank Moore, Vol. I, Part 1, p. 45; B. & L., Vol. I, p. 84.
4 War Papers Read before the Commandery of the State of Michigan, Military Order of the Loyal Leaxon of the United States, Vol. I, pp. 8-11.
5 Rebellion Record, Vol. I, Part 2, pp. 86-87.
6 A History of the Sixth Iowa Infantry, by Henry H. Wright, p. 11; The Story of a Cavalry Regiment: The Career of the Fourth Iowa Veteran Volunteers, by William Forse Scott, pp. 1-3.
7 Army Life of an Illinois Soldier: Letters and Diary of the Late Charles Wills, compiled and published by his sister, p. 8; History of the Sixth