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Following clues left by Bingham and others, an architect-explorer ventured into the former rebel Inca kingdom in the 1980s to see if anything remained. As it turned out, quite a bit did.

Machu Picchu: Exploring an Ancient Sacred Center, by Johan Reinhard.

The original, and best, explanation of why Machu Picchu is most likely situated where it is.

Selected Bibliography

Adelaar, Willem, with Pieter Muysken. The Languages of the Andes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Bauer, Brian. Ancient Cuzco: Heartland of the Inca. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004.

Betanzos, Juan de. Narrative of the Incas. Translation by Roland Hamilton. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996.

Bingham, Alfred M. Portrait of an Explorer: Hiram Bingham. Ames: University of Iowa Press, 1989.

Bingham, Alfred M. The Tiffany Fortune, and Other Chronicles of a Connecticut Family. Chestnut Hill, MA: Abeel & Leet, 1996.

Bingham, Hiram (I). A Residence of Twenty-One Years in the Sandwich Islands. Hartford: H. Huntington, 1848.

Bingham, Hiram (III).

The Journal of an Expedition Across Venezuela and Colombia, 1906–1907. New Haven: Yale Publishing Association, 1909.

Across South America: An Account of a Journey from Buenos Aires to Lima. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1911.

“Preliminary Report of the Yale Peruvian Expedition.” Bulletin of the American Geographical Society. January 1912.

“Vitcos, the Lost Inca Capital.” Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society , April 1912.

“A Search for the Last Inca Capital.” Harper’s, October 1912.

“The Discovery of Machu Picchu.” Harper’s, April 1913.

“In the Wonderland of Peru: The Work Accomplished by the Peruvian Expedition of 1912, Under the Auspices of Yale University and the National Geographic Society.” National Geographic, April 1913.

“The Ruins of Espiritu Pampa, Peru.” American Anthropologist, April–June 1914.

“Along the Uncharted Pampaconas.” Harper’s, August 1914.

“The Story of Machu Picchu.” National Geographic, February 1915.

“Further Explorations in the Land of the Incas.” National Geographic, May 1916.

An Explorer in the Air Service. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1920.

Inca Land: Explorations in the Highlands of Peru. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1922

Machu Picchu, a Citadel of the Incas. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1930.

Lost City of the Incas. New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1948. Reprinted, with an introduction by Hugh Thomson. London: Phoenix House, 2002.

Bingham, Woodbridge. Hiram Bingham: A Personal History. Boulder, CO: Bin Lan Zhen Publishers, 1989.

Boorstin, Daniel. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983.

Buck, Daniel. “Fights of Machu Picchu.” South American Explorer, January 1993.

Cobo, Bernabé. History of the Inca Empire: An Account of the Indians’ Customs and their Origin, Together with a Treatise on Inca Legends, History, and Social Institutions. Translation by Roland Hamilton. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983.

Dearborn, David and Raymond White, “Archaeoastronomy at Machu Picchu.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, May 1982.

Dearborn, David, and Raymond White. “The ‘Torreon’ at Machu Picchu as an Observatory.” Archaeoastronomy, 1983.

Diamond, Jared. Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.

Dougherty, Michael. To Steal a Kingdom. Waimanaolo, HI: Island Style Press, 1992.

Fejos, Paul. Archaeological Explorations in the Cordillera Vilcabamba, South-eastern Peru. New York: Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, 1944.

Fiennes, Ranulph, Sir. Race to the Pole: Tragedy, Heroism, and Scott’s Antarctic Quest. New York: Hyperion, 2004.

Frost, Peter. Exploring Cusco. Lima: Nuevas Imágenes, 1999.

Gasparini, Graziano and Luise Margolies. Inca Architecture. Translated by Patricia Lyon. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1980.

Gilfond, Duff. “A Superior Person.” The American Mercury, March 1930.

Grann, David. The Lost City of Z: A Tale of Deadly Obsession in the Amazon. New York: Doubleday, 2009.

Greer, Paolo. “Machu Picchu Before Bingham.” South American Explorer,