Unbroken_ A World War II Story of Survival, Resilience, and Redemption - Laura Hillenbrand [227]
11 Thirty-seven minutes: Wade, p. 166.
12 B-29 flyover on August 1: “Record Raid Hits Four Jap Cities,” Walla Walla Union-Bulletin, August 1, 1945.
13 Biggest World War I raid by tonnage: Kerr, Flames, pp. 269–70. 296 Nagaoka civilians think napalm is rain: “Nagaoka Air Raid, August 1, 1945,” http://www.echigonagaoka.com/index.html (accessed October 5, 2009).
14 The Bird beats men on August 1: Louis Zamperini, telephone interview.
15 Skyline glowing: Wall, p. 300.
16 Leaflets, Japanese government forbids people from keeping, sharing leaflets: Josette H. Williams, “The Information War in the Pacific, 1945: Paths to Peace,” Central Intelligence Agency Center for the Study of Intelligence, May 8, 2007, https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol46no3/article07.html (accessed April 29, 2010).
17 Louie sicker: Louis Zamperini, POW diary; Louis Zamperini, letter to Edwin Wilber, May 1946.
18 Boot licking: Louis Zamperini, telephone interview; Affidavit, Louis Zamperini, from files of Mutsuhiro Watanabe (Sgt.), vols. 1–3, 1945–1952, POW 201 File 1945–1947, SCAP, Legal Section, Administrative Division, RAOOH, RG 331, NACP; Louis Zamperini, POW diary; “42nd Bombardment Squadron: Addendum to Squadron History,” September 11, 1945, AFHRA, Maxwell AFB, Ala.
19 Push-ups over latrine: Louis Zamperini, telephone interview; Robert Trumbull, “Zamperini, Olympic Miler, Is Safe After Epic Ordeal,” NYT, September 9, 1945.
20 Bird threatens to drown Louie: Louis Zamperini, telephone interview; Robert Trumbull, “Zamperini, Olympic Miler, Is Safe After Epic Ordeal,” NYT, September 9, 1945.
21 Murder plot: Louis Zamperini, telephone interview; Louis Zamperini, interview by George Hodak, Hollywood, Calif., June 1988, AAFLA.
22 The Bird sees man sneering: Mutsuhiro Watanabe, “I Do Not Want to Be Punished by America,” Bingei Shunjyu, April 1956, translated from Japanese.
23 Hiroshima: Paul Tibbets, interview by Studs Terkel, 2002, http://dalesdesigns.net/interview.htm (accessed September 14, 2007); Matthew Davis, “The Men Who Bombed Hiroshima,” BBC News, August 4, 2007; “Paul Tibbets,” AcePilots.com, www.acepilots.com/asaaf_tibbets.html (accessed September 13, 2007).
24 Ferron Cummins feels effect of bomb: Knox, p. 435.
Chapter 31: The Naked Stampede
1 Civilians’ hands in fists: Frank Tinker, telephone interview, February 20, 2005.
2 Guard says Hiroshima hit by cholera: Louis Zamperini, telephone interview.
3 Civilian says one bomb destroyed city: Frank Tinker, telephone interview, February 20, 2005.
4 “electronic bomb”: Tom Wade, telephone interview, January 2, 2005.
5 Omori commander speaks to POWs: Milton McMullen, telephone interview, February 16, 2005.
6 Men discuss self-defense: Tom Wade, telephone interview, January 2, 2005.
7 The Bird in mountains: Wade, p. 166; John Cook, email interview, October 30, 2004.
8 Louie’s illness, weight loss: Louis Zamperini, letter to Edwin Wilber, May 1946; Louis Zamperini, POW diary; Louis Zamperini, telephone interview.
9 Louie struck by Ogawa: Louis Zamperini, letter to Edwin Wilber, May 1946; Louis Zamperini, telephone interview.
10 Japanese walk out: Ken Marvin, telephone interview, January 31, 2005.
11 Japanese at radio: Frank Tinker, telephone interview, February 20, 2005.
12 Marvin’s talk with Bad Eye: Ken Marvin, telephone interview, January 31, 2005.
13 Rumors: Ken Marvin, telephone interview, January 31, 2005; John Fitzgerald, POW diary, Papers of John A. Fitzgerald, Operational Archives Branch, NHC, Washington, D.C.; Wall, pp. 300, 304; “Letters Recall End of Captivity,” Idaho Press-Tribune, undated article from Idaho Press-Tribune archives; John Cook, email interview, October 30, 2004.
14 Naoetsu to be bombed: Louis Zamperini, letter to Edwin Wilber, May 1946.
15 Marvin’s thoughts: Ken Marvin, telephone interview, January 31, 2005.
16 Work crews dismissed: Wall,