1861_ The Civil War Awakening - Adam Goodheart [258]
41. New-York Tribune, May 25, 1861; Shomette, Maritime Alexandria, pp. 159–61.
42. Philadelphia Inquirer, May 25, 1861.
43. Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, pp. 256–57; New-York Tribune, May 25, 1861; interview with Henry Winser, Boston Globe, Jan. 6, 1884.
44. Life of James W. Jackson, the Alexandria Hero, the Slayer of Ellsworth, Martyr in the Cause of Southern Independence (Richmond, 1862), pp. 20–22, 12–13, 44.
45. Ibid., pp. 28–30.
46. New York Times, May 26, 1861; New-York Tribune, May 25, 1861.
47. Boston Globe, Jan. 6, 1884.
48. New York Times, May 26, 1861; New-York Tribune, May 25, 1861; Boston Globe, Jan. 6, 1884; Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, pp. 256–58.
49. David Homer Bates, Lincoln in the Telegraph Office: Recollections of the United States Military Telegraph Corps During the Civil War (New York, 1907), p. 8; New-York Tribune, May 29, 1861; Philadelphia Inquirer, May 25, 1861.
50. One such poetical effusion, in the Tribune of May 25, begins:
Hushed be each sorrowing murmur,
And let no tear be shed,
As in slow march, with drooping standards
Ye bear back the gallant dead.
Unfortunately, this is typical of the Ellsworth mortuary genre.
51. Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln, vol. 2, p. 178.
52. New York World, May 27, 1861.
53. Richmond Dispatch, May 18, 1861.
54. New York World, May 27, 1861; Richmond Enquirer, May 25, 1861, quoted in George B. Herbert, The Popular History of the Civil War in America (New York, 1884), p. 102.
55. Illinois State Journal, June 3, 1861, reprinted in Burlingame, ed., Lincoln’s Journalist, p. 69; New-York Tribune, May 28, 1861.
56. Daily National Intelligencer, May 27, 1861; New York Herald, May 26, 1861; Randall, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, pp. 264–65.
57. New York Herald, May 27, 1861. In the days that followed, fire companies, militia regiments, and patriotic societies vied with one another in showering Brownell with gifts: a gold medal, a silver-mounted pistol, a jeweled dagger.
58. Drew Gilpin Faust, This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War (New York, 2008), p. 94; Glenna R. Schroeder-Lein, Encyclopedia of Civil War Medicine (Armonk, N.Y., 2008), pp. 99–100.
59. New York World, May 25, 1861; New-York Tribune, May 30, 1861.
60. Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Chiefly about War Matters,” Atlantic Monthly, July 1862. Such artifacts are still in public circulation: in 2010, I purchased on eBay a sliver of wood wrapped in nineteenth-century notepaper with the inscription “A Trace of the Stairs that Elsworth stood on, when he was shot dead by Rebel at Alexandrya Va.” (And Ellsworth’s relics are still commanding hefty prices; the bidding on the sliver closed at $105.49.)
61. David Detzer, Donnybrook: The Battle of Bull Run, 1861 (New York, 2004), pp. 357–68.
62. Stoddard, Inside the White House in War Times, p. 164; John G. Nicolay, The Army in the Civil War, vol. 1: The Outbreak of Rebellion (New York, 1885), p. 114; Hay, “A Young Hero. Personal Reminiscences of Colonel E. E. Ellsworth.” McClure’s Magazine, March 1896.
63. Chicago Tribune, May 28, 1861.
64. Burlingame, Abraham Lincoln, vol. 2, 177, quoting New York Mail and Express, Feb. 11, 1899.
65. Burlingame, Lincoln’s Journalist, p. 356.
66. Chicago Tribune, July 16, 1872; New York World, May 25, 1861.
Chapter Eight: Freedom’s Fortress
1. Details of the strange and fascinating story of the first slave voyage to Virginia have only recently been unearthed. See Engel Sluiter, “New Light on the ‘20. and Odd Negroes’ Arriving in Virginia, August, 1619,” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd series, vol. 54, no. 2 (Apr. 1997), pp. 395–98; Tim Hashaw, The Birth of Black America: The First African Americans and the Pursuit of Freedom at Jamestown (New York, 2007); John Thornton, “The African Experience of the ‘20. and Odd Negroes’ Arriving in Virginia in 1619,” William and Mary Quarterly, vol. 55, no. 3 (July 1998); Adam Goodheart, “Reaching Point Comfort,” The American Scholar, Winter 2005. These accounts make it clear that, contrary to the conventional version of the