5 Steps to a 5 AP Psychology, 2010-2011 Edition - Laura Lincoln Maitland [189]
77. B—(Chapter 13) In late adult development, fluid intelligence or abstract, flexible reasoning declines somewhat, but most people’s crystallized intelligence for concrete information continues to increase.
78. C—(Chapter 16) Tommy’s blindness and deafness are the result of a conversion disorder. Excessive anxiety over witnessing the murder has caused these symptoms, which have no organic basis.
79. B—(Chapter 7) The peripheral nervous system is made up of all nervous tissue outside the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. Each of the other answers includes aspects of the central nervous system.
80. E—(Chapter 7) The inability to understand language suggests damage to Wernicke’s area, located in the left temporal lobe. If the problem had been an inability to speak or find words, damage to Broca’s area in the left frontal lobe would have been the likely cause.
81. C—(Chapter 18) The Japanese culture is a collectivist society, which would blame the group or parents specifically for a child’s behavior. The other countries are individualistic societies, which would tend to blame the behavior on the individual, especially a 17-year-old capable of intelligent thought.
82. D—(Chapter 8) Body awareness and positioning are regulated by the kinesthetic or proprioceptive sense, whose receptors are found in the muscles and joints of the skeleton, as well as in the tendons, ligaments, and skin.
83. E—(Chapter 13) Jen’s egocentrism allows her to see things from only her own point of view; thus, her failure to understand that her mother’s sister is also her aunt’s sister.
84. A—(Chapter 11) Proactive interference is forgetting new information because of prior information that blocks its encoding. In this case then, list 1 interferes with your recall of list 2.
85. E—(Chapter 6) Unfortunately, the newspaper took Dr. Ramchandran’s finding and made correlational data into cause and effect data, which can only be determined by a controlled experiment.
86. B—(Chapter 7) The pituitary gland secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone. The hypothalamus produces releasing factors.
87. E—(Chapter 15) All three of these findings are possible. Though the mean score may be higher for Asian Americans, the range of scores within a particular group (African Americans) is always much greater than is the mean score between two different groups (African Americans and Asian Americans). Neither of these tells us how any one individual will do.
88. B—(Chapter 7) Each of the other answers involves a genetic disorder that is irreversible. PKU is a recessive trait that results in severe, irreversible brain damage unless the baby is fed a special diet low in phenylalanine.
89. B—(Chapter 13) Harlow’s study showed that contact comfort (touch) was more important than the feeding situation for normal physical and psychological development.
90. B—(Chapter 8) Context is an important stimulus variable in determining what we perceive.
91. A—(Chapter 6) Average ranking would be 50th percentile, so 65th percentile is above that point. Emily scored better than 64 out of every 100 students who took that test.
92. D—(Chapter 8) Accommodation is a change in the shape of the lens that occurs when an object moves closer or further away, and relative size is a monocular cue for depth. Abdul would use both of these to judge the distance of vehicles when he is driving. Retinal disparity requires binocular vision.
93. D—(Chapter 16) Positive symptoms indicate the presence of symptoms and negative symptoms the absence of symptoms. A flat affect is a lack or absence of an emotional response to stimuli.
94. B—(Chapter 12) Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory says that when physiologically aroused for no apparent immediate reason, we tend to look to environmental factors for an explanation. Susan’s change in emotional