A Distant Mirror_ The Calamitous 14th Century - Barbara W. Tuchman [417]
12 BUILDING OF THE CATHEDRAL: Chamberlin, 122–26, 173–75.
13 COUCY’S “WOUNDED LEG”; Jarry, Orléans, 161.
14 CLAMANGES GOES OVER TO BENEDICT: Valois, III, 270, n. 4; Creighton, 433–34. Further on this episode: Ornato, 27, 33–41.
15 BENEDICT DIED AT 94: CMH, 301.
16 “TO AID AND SUSTAIN” RICHARD II: q. McKisack, 476, from Rymer, VII, 811. LOLLARD TWELVE “CONCLUSIONS”: Gairdner, I, 43–44.
17 THREATENED TO KILL SIR RICHARD STURY: Hutchison, 155.
18 COUCY REFUSED “BECAUSE HE WAS A FRENCHMAN”: Froissart, Berners ed., VI, 130.
19 GLOUCESTER, ROBERT THE HERMIT, WALERAN DE ST. POL: ibid., VI, 161–68, 211–12.
20 MARRIAGE OF ISABEL AND RICHARD: Froissart, Berners ed., 224–29. Froissart’s statement that the only French lady to accompany Isabel to England was the Dame de Courcy (KL, XV, 306) became Coucy in Lord Berners’ translation (VI, 229) and accounts for Mrs. Green’s error (228) in identifying this lady, who was later to bring back the news of Richard’s deposition, as Coucy’s second wife.
Chapter 26—Nicopolis
Apart from Schiltberger’s sparse account told 30 years after the event (see p. 554), the primary Western sources for the crusade to Nicopolis are the Livre des faits du bon messire Jean le Maingre, dit Bouciquaut (Godefroy ed., pp. 78–104), written at about the time of the subject’s death in 1421 (by an “anonymous cleric” according to OCFL, although Kervyn Lettenhove—XX, 372—believed the author was Christine de Pisan); the Monk of St. Denis (Chron. C6, II, 485–519); and Froissart, KL, XV, 218–328, passim. These are the bases for the spirited accounts by Abbé Vertot in the 18th century and Barante in the early 19th. KL’s notes add material from Dom Plancher’s Histoire Générale de Bourgogne, Dijon, 1739–81. The most thorough modern account and a classic work is Delaville le Roux, La France en Orient, Book III, chaps. 1–5, whose wealth of notes fills in a mass of information. Where not otherwise cited, the events in this chapter are drawn from the above sources.
Atiya’s Nicopolis, usually cited (by English-speaking historians) as the standard work, supposedly draws on an impressive bibliography of Turkish sources, but little evidence of this appears in the text. With minor exceptions, not all of them accurate, this book is not much more than a reworking of Delaville. Rosetti supplies a useful survey from all sources of estimated numbers engaged in the crusade. Savage points up the importance of Coucy’s offensive. Tipton contributes an original and valuable investigation of the supposed English role.
1 HALF THE TURKISH ARMY HELD LAND IN EUROPE: Oman, 344.
2 A ghazi, “THE SWORD OF GOD”: q. Anthony Luttrell, “The Crusade in the 14th century” in Hale, Highfield & Smalley, 139.
3 A FORD OF THE DANUBE AT NICOPOLIS: Kousev, 70. This does not seem to jibe with accounts of fugitives of the battle drowning in attempts to swim across.
4 BAJAZET ANSWERED WITHOUT WORDS: Hammer, 323.
5 SIGISMUND, “YOU BOHEMIAN PIG!”: Otto Zarek, The History of Hungary, trans., London, 1939, 182.
6 BONE OF ST. ELIZABETH: q. Wylie, II, 432, n. 4.
7 AT PARLEMENT OF PARIS: Douet-d’Arcq, I, 382. 544 MÉZIÈRES’ ORDER OF THE PASSION: Kilgour, 148–62. 546 JEAN DE NEVERS, APPEARANCE: Michelet, IV, 45; Calmette, 57–58.
8 EQURPMENT: David, 37, from Plancher, Bourgogne, III, 149.
9 SUPPOSED ENGLISH PARTICIPATION: The evidence refuting it has been effectively presented by Tipton, leading to his conclusion, “No Englishman whatsoever can be identified as positively among the crusading army,” 533. p. 550 “THEY GO LIKE KINGS”: q. Jorga, 489.
10 SLANDER OF VALENTINA: chronicles, and Mesquita, 203; Chamberlin, 176.
11 GIAN GALEAZZO SUPPOSEDLY INFORMED BAJAZET: KL, XV, 253, 262, 329, 338.
12 ESTIMATE OF NUMBERS: Lot, 456; Rosetti, 633–35.
13 “HOW SEDUCTIVE is WAR!”: Jean de Beuil, Le Jouvencel, 2 vols. SHF, Paris, 1887, II, 20–21.
14 COUCY’S ATTACK: Wavrin, 149; KL, XV, 314; Savage, 437–40.
15 COUCY SEEN “UNSHAKEN”: Livre des faits, Godefroy ed., 97. SIGISMUND, “WE LOST THE DAY”: Schiltberger, ed. notes, 109.
16 BAJAZET SWEARS REVENGE: Schiltberger,