A World on Fire_ Britain's Crucial Role in the American Civil War - Amanda Foreman [479]
8. David Hepburn Milton, Lincoln’s Spymaster: Thomas Haines Dudley and the Liverpool Network (Mechanicsburg, Pa., 2003), pp. 5–7.
9. Wallace and Gillespie (eds.), The Journal of Benjamin Moran, vol. 2, pp. 832–33, June 24, 1861.
10. “You may rest assured that no proper effort will be wanting on my part to report to you all that can be learned of the doings of rebel agents here,” Consul Morse promised. NARA, T. 168, roll 30, vol. 30, desp.1, Morse to Seward, January 30, 1862.
11. Milton, Lincoln’s Spymaster, p. 33.
12. F. L. Owsley, The CSS Florida (Philidelphia, 1965; repr. Tuscaloosa, Ala., 1987), p. 22.
13. He definitely could not afford marine insurance. In spite of Weed’s conviction that Lloyds was making a handsome profit out of secretly providing insurance to blockade runners, Huse’s experience was that the terms were so outrageous as to be prohibitive. ORN, ser. 4, vol. 1, p. 127, Caleb Huse to Major Gorgas, March 15, 1862.
14. BL Add. MS 38951, ff. 53–55, Lord Hammond to Austen Henry Layard, April 20, 1862.
15. See, for example, MHS, Adams MSS, Diary of Charles Francis Adams, May 9, 1862.
16. PRO FO5/818, Russell to Lyons, April 17, 1862.
17. Napoleon then said the complete opposite to William Dayton, the U.S. minister: “Mr. Adams tells me,” reported Benjamin Moran on April 17, “that Louis Napoleon in a personal interview with Mr. Dayton expressed his regret at the precipitate recognition of the rebels as belligerents by France and Gt. B., and stated that it was England’s work. He is now willing to withdraw it if Gt. B. will also.”
18. Louis Martin Sears, “A Confederate Diplomat at the Court of Napoleon III,” American Historical Review, 26/2 (Jan. 1921), pp. 255–81, Slidell to Mason, April 12, 1862.
19. NARA, T. 168, roll 30, d. 1, Morse to Seward, April 12, 1862.
20. Wallace and Gillespie (eds.), The Journal of Benjamin Moran, vol. 2, p. 969, March 22, 1862.
21. W. C. Ford, A Cycle of Adams Letters, 1861–1865, 2 vols. (Boston, 1920), vol. 1, p. 133, Henry Adams to Charles Francis Adams, Jr., April 11, 1862.
22. Adams, The Education of Henry Adams, p. 134.
23. ORN, ser. 2, vol. 2, p. 183, Bulloch to Mallory, April 11, 1862.
24. Wallace and Gillespie (eds.), The Journal of Benjamin Moran, vol. 2, p. 978, April 14, 1862.
25. ORN, ser. I, vol. 1, pp. 745–49, Captain Pegram to Mallory, March 10, 1862.
26. Francis W. Dawson, Reminiscences of Confederate Service, 1861–1865, ed. Bell I. Wiley (Baton Rouge, La., 1980), p. 32.
27. Duke University, Francis Dawson MSS, Dawson to mother, May 16, 1862.
28. James J. Barnes and Patience P. Barnes (eds.), The American Civil War Through British Eyes, vol. 1 (Kent, Ohio, 2003), pp. 313–14, Lyons to Russell, March 16, 1861.
29. It is true that wooden ships were defenseless against those made of iron. However, D. P. Crook quotes the Manchester Guardian (April 3, 1862), one of the few English newspapers to maintain a sense of perspective about the news: “There may be a certain truth in saying that our whole navy consists of but two men of war [Warrior and Black Prince]; but it is to be observed that, in the same sense, the French have but one, the Americans have only a gunboat, and no other nation has any navy at all.” Crook, The North, the South, and the Powers, 1861–1865 (New York, 1974), p. 188. In reality the Monitor and the Warrior could never have engaged each other because the former could only sail in calm water and the latter could only maneuver in the open sea.
30. John Black Atkins, The Life of Sir William Howard Russell, 2 vols. (London, 1911), vol. 2, p. 93.
31. Martin Crawford (ed.), William Howard Russell’s Civil War: Private Diary and Letters (Athens, Ga., 1992), p. 231, Russell to Mowbray Morris, March 15, 1862.
32. Edward Dicey, Spectator of America, ed. Herbert Mitgang (Athens, Ga., 1971), p. 149.
33. Lawley’s early life is described in Brian Jenkins, “Frank Lawley