A World on Fire_ Britain's Crucial Role in the American Civil War - Amanda Foreman [500]
25. Devonshire MSS, Chatsworth, 2nd series (340.195), Lawley to Hartington, June 14, 1863.
26. Edward G. Longacre, Jersey Cavaliers (Hightstown, N.J., 1992), p. 144.
27. OR, ser. 1, vol. 27/1, doc. 39, p. 966, June 10, 1863.
28. OR, ser. 1, vol. 27/1, doc. 43, p. 1054, June 10, 1863.
29. Ford (ed.), A Cycle of Adams Letters, vol. 2, p. 32, Charles Francis Adams, Jr., to Henry Adams, June 14, 1863.
30. Thomas, Bold Dragoon, p. 226.
31. British Library of Political and Economic Science, LSE, Farr MSS, GB 0097 Farr/vol. 10, Add. 2, ff. 5–25.
32. PRO FO282/10/d.211, ff. 104–11, Archibald to Lyons, July 8, 1863.
33. PRO FO 114/402, f. 1038, Lyons to Revd. W. E. Hoskins, December 3, 1863. Lyons also passed on two letters from his brother officers, testimonials to how bravely Hoskins fought and died.
34. PRO FOI 15/394, f. 100, Miss Hodges to Lord Lyons, June 8, 1863. Many years later, Hoskins’s family erected a gravestone on his burial plot.
35. West Sussex RO, Lyons MSS, box 301, Lyons to sister, June 16, 1863.
Chapter 22: Crossroads at Gettysburg
1. Devonshire MSS, Chatsworth, 2nd series (340.195), Lawley to Hartington, June 14, 1863.
2. Arthur J. L. Fremantle, Three Months in the Southern States (Lincoln, Nebr., 1991), p. 220. The quotation in the first footnote on this page is from p. 191.
3. Ibid., p. 208.
4. Ibid., p. 211.
5. According to William Torens, Davies was sent to the 7th Tennessee Infantry first, from August 1863 to November 1864, and then became a lieutenant and AAIG to Heth on November 30, 1864.
6. Fremantle, Three Months in the Southern States, p. 211.
7. Justus Scheibert wrote eloquently about such damaged terrain: “Only grunting swine wandered around on level ground, often rooting at the shallow graves and gnawing on bodies which stared with distorted horrible expressions at persons who rode by.” Justus Scheibert, Seven Months in the Rebel States During the North American War, 1863, trans. Joseph C. Hayes, ed. William Stanley Hoole (Tuscaloosa, Ala., 2009), p. 33.
8. W. C. Ford (ed.), A Cycle of Adams Letters, 1861–1865, 2 vols. (Boston, 1920), vol. 2, pp. 36–37, Charles Francis Adams, Jr., to Henry Adams, June 19, 1863.
9. Emory M. Thomas, Bold Dragoon: The Life of J.E.B. Stuart (Norman, Okla., 1999), p. 241.
10. Francis W. Dawson, Reminiscences of Confederate Service, 1861–1865, ed. Bell I. Wiley (Baton Rouge, La., 1980), p. 91.
11. Morris to Lawley, June 25, 1863, quoted in Brian Jenkins, “Frank Lawley and the Confederacy,” Civil War History, 23 (March 1997).
12. Fremantle, Three Months in the Southern States, p. 177.
13. Fitzgerald Ross, Cities and Camps of the Confederate States, ed. Richard Barksdale Harwell (Champaign, Ill., 1997), p. 42.
14. Historians have since exonerated Ewell. He had less than an hour to get his troops into line and charge the ridge before Federal defenders received thousands of reinforcements. James M. McPherson (ed.), Battle Chronicles of the Civil War, 6 vols. (Lakeville, Conn., 1989), vol. 3, p. 69. But when Francis Lawley wrote his report of the day’s fighting he repeated without examination the accusation that Ewell had lost the battle through his bungling.
15. Ross, Cities and Camps, p. 48.
16. Joseph E. Persico, My Enemy, My Brother: Men and Days of Gettysburg (New York, 1988), p. 135.
17. The Times, August 18, 1863.
18. Fremantle, Three Months in the Southern States, p. 260.
19. The Times, August 18, 1863.
20. Susannah Ural Bruce, The Harp and the Eagle (New York, 2006), p. 163.
21. Jeffry D. Wert, The Sword of Lincoln (New York, 2006), p. 294.
22. “Rebel Without a Cause—From Shakespeare Country,” Crossfire: The Magazine of the American Civil War Round Table, 48 (April 1993).
23. Dawson, Reminiscences, p. 95.
24. Fremantle, Three Months in the Southern States, p. 190.
25. Dawson, Reminiscences, p. 96.
26. Charles Francis Adams, Jr., Charles Francis Adams, 1835–1915: An Autobiography with a