• Choose a category
• All
• Classic-Fiction

By Root 639 0

179, 240n6; defined, 15, 52, 242n247; development of, 187, 245n247; as extensions of nest, 84; home, knowing direction of, 49–51, 239n32; leafcutter ants, 114, 115, 176, 177–79, 187; marauder ants, 15, 24, 30, 48–51, 52, 54, 82, 85, 141, 178; memory and, 178; in migrations, 58, 78, 90, 103; pheromone establishment of, 30, 31, 114, 141, 179; resource distributions and, 82, 83–85, 100, 178; as source of ready labor, 49, 84; as step in raid evolution, 107–8, 236n12 (ch. 2), 237n14, 245n247; subterranean driver ants, 100, 104; trail systems, 114, 177, 211, 239n1; weaver ants, 114

Tsutsui, Neil, 216

turtle ants. See Cephalotes atratus

Una Biological Reserve (Brazil), 194

underground ants. See subterranean driver ants; subterranean foraging

unicolonial ants, 202, 204, 211–12, 215, 219, 260n18

unity of group: as defining a superorganism, 229; as requirement of social organization, 223

vines: clearing of, by ants, 129, 130, 139; growth pattern resembling ant trail, 177; Homoptera farming and, 125, 139; transportation between trees via, 139

vision. See eyes and vision

Volvox, 226, 229

voting. See quorum sensing

waist (petiole), 7, 55, 118, 234n1 (primer)

walking: avoiding, 128, 145; climbing vs., 135; cost of, 14, 18, 51, 77, 86, 140, 179; measuring, 242n14

warfare: against own species, 123, 203–5, 211, 247–48n10; Argentine ants, 203–6, 208–9, 212, 213, 216, 219–20; cannibalism/predation and, 33, 155, 237n27; communication and, 128; leafcutters, 186, 256n78; mortality and casualties, 36, 41, 42, 238n13; in other animals, 123, 247n10; political organization and, 145, 248n30; retreating, 55–56; size of society and, 122–23, 128, 129, 223, 248nn27, 30; slavery and, 155, 165; war on terror, 145. See also combat and combativeness; military and military comparisons; territoriality

Wasmannia auropunctata: as invasive, 208, 260n11

waste removal. See excrement; midden heaps; sanitation

water: Argentine ant colonies near, 209, 211, 260n17; avoiding, as rain, 164; drinking, 118–19; flooding and swimming, 140–43, 209; tracking, 84

weak ties, 225

weaver ants (Oecophylla): anatomy of, 120; army ants compared to, 120; combat and combativeness, 115, 120, 122–23, 128, 204, 247n9; communication methods, 115, 116; competition with Polyrhachis and Camponotus cylindricus, 127, 128; as driver ant predator, 110–12, 123,245nn3, 4; falling behaviors, 128, 136, 137; flooding, 140, 144; freedom of individuals in, 112; “guests” in nest, 213, 213; Homoptera farming, 119, 247n42; and humans, awareness of, 146; market strategy of, 120; memory of, 138; navigation, 138; nest construction, 109, 111, 113–14, 114; nest flooding, 140; nests, barracks, 115; nondominant ants and, 128–29; as omnivores, 118, 119–20; plant mutualisms with, 119, 124–26, 246n39, 248n22; plants preferred by, 124; polymorphism of, 113; prey of, 116–18, 117, 246n247; processing of food, 118; queens, 113–14, 245n10; recruitment, 115; sap drinking, 118–19; size of colonies, 120; size of individuals, 145–46; sound made by, 146; species, 110, 111, 245n1; success without diversity, 122; taste of, 73, 112, 144; territoriality, 115–16, 122–23, 128–29; trail construction, 114; trail marking, 115; trunk trails, 114; walking on crestlines, 138; weight of colony, 144

Wells, Melissa, 202–3, 204, 205, 208, 219, 230–31

whales, 32, 33, 64; as similar to army ants, 145, 251n35

Wheeler, William Morton, 4, 17, 35, 257n3

white-winged chough, 155, 252n247

Wild, Alex, 148, 149, 150

wild dogs, 32, 44, 63, 158

Wilson, Edward O.: on age of soldiers, 115; on ant recognition of deceased kin, 74–75; ants as Marxists, 156; biographical information, 2, 3–4, 5, 121, 138; on birds as mass foragers, 32; Easter Island research, 230; on speed of leafcutter caravans, 179; on unification of ants beyond familial bonds, 9

Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 221

wolf packs (bacteria), 32

wolf spiders, 206

wolves, 19, 32, 33, 34, 63, 158

workers. See castes

Yanoviak, Stephen, 137

Yu, Doug, 131