American Passage_ The History of Ellis I - Vincent J. Cannato [250]
161 The final report: Letter from Eugene A. Philbin to Theodore Roosevelt, December 1, 1903, Series 1; Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Eugene Philbin, December 2, 1903; Letter from Arthur von Briesen to Theodore Roosevelt, December 4, 1903, TR.
162 Though Roosevelt said: Hans Vought, The Bully Pulpit and the Melting Pot: American Presidents and the Immigrant, 1897–1933 (Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2004), 42–43; Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Henry Cabot Lodge, May 23, 1904 in Henry Cabot Lodge and Charles F. Redmond, eds., Selections from the Correspondence of Theodore Roosevelt and Henry Cabot Lodge, 1884–1918, vol. 2 (New York: Da Capo Press, 1971).
162 Roosevelt’s campaign manager: Letter from George B. Cortelyou to William Williams, September 24, 1904, WW-NYPL; Letter from William Williams to Theodore Roosevelt, October 15, 1904, Series 1, TR.
163 Apparently, Williams’s problems: Letter from Robert Watchorn to Terence V. Powderly, December 21, 1904, TVP.
163 In December 1904: Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Gifford Pinchot, January 19, 1905, Series 2, TR; Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Northrop Stranahan, December 24, 1904, in Morison, ed., Letters, vol. 3, 1077–1078.
164 Some immigration defenders: AH, January 20, 1905.
CHAPTER NINE: THE ROOSEVELT STRADDLE
165 Leaning over the second-story: H. G. Wells, The Future in America (New York: Arno Press, 1974, orig. pub. 1906), 140.
165 Wells had cemented: Robert Watchorn, The Autobiography of Robert Watchorn (Oklahoma City, OK: Robert Watchorn Charities, 1959), 127–128.
166 Once there, Watchorn ended up: In her 1925 autobiography, famed union organizer Mother Jones wrote: “I remember John Siney, a miner. Holloran, a miner. James, a miner. Robert Watchorn, the first and most able secretary that the miners of this country ever had. These men gave their lives that others might live. They died in want.” Though she was correct about Watchorn’s position, he was still very much alive at the time of the publication of Mother Jones’s 1925 memoir. In fact, by the time the autobiography was published, not only was Watchorn alive, he had become a millionaire oilman. Mary Field Parton, ed., The Autobiography of Mother Jones (Chicago: Charles H. Kerr, 1925), 240.
167 On the issue of Joe Murray: Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Gifford Pinchot, January 19, 1905, Series 2; Letter from Robert Watchorn to Theodore Roosevelt, January 21, 1905, Series 1, TR; Letter from Robert Watchorn to Oscar Straus, May 4, 1907, Box 6, OS.
167 Roosevelt was adept: President Theodore Roosevelt, “Fifth Annual Message to Congress,” December 5, 1905.
168 It was a fine statement: President Theodore Roosevelt, “Fifth Annual Message to Congress,” December 5, 1905.
168 If Roosevelt wanted: Henry James, The American Scene, republished in Henry James, Collected Travel Writings: Great Britain and America (New York: Library of America, 1993) 425–426.
168 With each passing week: NYT, April 17, 1906.
169 If Americans thought: Philip Cowen, Memories of an American Jew (New York: International Press, 1932), 185–186; NYT, January 7, 1907.
169 Robert Watchorn, who oversaw: NYT, March 11, 1906.
169 Watchorn told a Jewish audience: NYT, November 19, 1906; Sheldon Morris Neuringer, American Jewry and United States Immigration Policy, 1881–1953 (New York: Arno Press, 1980), 60.
169 College professor Edward Steiner: Edward A. Steiner, On the Trail of the Immigrant (New York: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1906), 91–92.
170 Watchorn had a chance: Robert Watchorn, “The Gateway of the Nation,” Outlook, December 28, 1907.
171 At a dinner celebrating: John Morton Blum, The Republican Roosevelt (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1954), 37. See also, Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Lyman Abbott, May 29, 1908, in Elting E. Morison, ed., The Letters of Theodore Roosevelt, vol. 6 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1951), 1042.
171 Straus, along with Schiff: On Straus’s background, see Naomi W. Cohen, A Dual Heritage: The Public