Americans in Paris_ Life and Death Under Nazi Occupation - Charles Glass [224]
p. 183 ‘a tough 21-year-old’ ‘Terrorism Cuts Both Ways’, Time, 8 September 1941.
p. 184 ‘I had taken a vow’ Yves Pourcher, Pierre Laval vu par sa fille, d’après ses carnets intimes, Paris: Le Cherche-Midi, pp. 228–9.
p. 184 ‘a haven for French’ ‘Our Library in Paris’, New York Times, 21 June 1945.
p. 184 On Memorial Day ‘Services Curtailed in Occupied France’, New York Times, 31 May 1941, p. 1.
p. 185 ‘We surely were’ Robert Murphy, Diplomat among Warriors, New York: Doubleday and Company, 1964, p. 109.
p. 185 One of the twelve Coster and some of the other vice-consuls spoke French, but none could speak Arabic. Lack of linguistic expertise in the field would be a recurring motif in OSS operations, as in those of its successor, the Central Intelligence Agency. Another theme that emerged early was the agency’s propensity for staging coups. Donovan almost immediately became involved in a misguided coup d’état attempt, when he set aside a secret fund of $50,000 to overthrow the Arab bey of Algiers and replace him with another chieftain who was pro-Allied. Murphy wrote, ‘Nothing would have enraged our French colleagues more than this kind of monkey business, or been more ruinous to our chances of obtaining the support of French military forces. As for fifty thousand dollars! Our whole operation in Africa had not cost that much over a period of many months.’ Murphy, Diplomat among Warriors, p. 110. Donovan was saved from folly by the US naval attaché in Tangier, Marine Colonel William A. Eddy. Murphy wrote that Eddy ‘had grown up in the Middle East and was fluent in Arabic … and no American knew more about Arabs or about power politics in Africa’.
p. 185 ‘I did not know … I soon found’ Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy, I Was There: The Personal Story of the Chief of Staff to Presidents Roosevelt and Truman Based on his Notes and Diaries Made at the Time, London: Victor Gollancz, 1950, p. 32.
p. 185 ‘found both the … Gift books are distributed … Since General de Chambrun’ Ralph Heinzen, dispatch of 16 September 1941, United Press, Paris via Air Mail, original typescript, p. 3, American Hospital of Paris Archives, File: Newspaper cuttings.
p. 186 Aldebert and Clara de Chambrun ‘Nazis Give Notice’, New York Times, 22 May 1941, p. 1. The paper reported, ‘There are approximately 2,000 [Americans] there.’
p. 187 ‘We have already’ … An order for Memorandum from General de Chambrun to Messrs Nelson Dean Jay and Edward B. Close, 6 November 1941, American Hospital of Paris Archives, File: Correspondence and Reports, 1941, and Minutes, 19 September 1940 to 7 November 1941.
Chapter Nineteen: Utopia in Les Landes
p. 188 ‘Distribution of products’ Charles Emile Bedaux, ‘The American-Radical, Equivalism: The Revolt of the Consumer’, reprinted in The Price of Power: A Biography of Charles Eugene Bedaux, New York: Doubleday and Company, 1984, p. 301.
p. 189 In 1939, Bedaux Janet Flanner, ‘Annals of Collaboration: Equivalism II’, The New Yorker, 6 October 1945, p. 35.
p. 189 Hitler had since dismissed John Toland, Adolf Hitler, New York: Doubleday and Company, 1976, p. 508. Schacht’s criticism ceased when he was told that, far from being an unofficial pogrom, Kristallnacht had been contrived by Hitler and his subordinates.
p. 189 ‘Monsieur, are you’ Janet Flanner, ‘Annals of Collaboration: Equivalism II’, The New Yorker, 6 October 1945, p. 35.
p. 189 As Schacht continued Ibid.
p. 190 ‘This war will not’ Christy, The Price of Power, p. 203. Gaston Bedaux, La Vie ardente de Charles Bedaux, privately published, Paris, 3 June 1959, p. 67; Gaston recalled that his brother said the same thing, but to the Prefect of Beauvais, M. Bussière.
p. 190 ‘He understood nothing’ Christy, The Price of Power, p. 220.
p. 190 Bedaux asked for authorization Roquefort cheese is made in Roquefort-sur-Soulzon in Aveyron.
p. 190 Roquefort lay inland Janet Flanner, ‘Annals of Collaboration: Equivalism II’, The New Yorker, 6 October 1945, p. 42.
p. 191 The Bedaux model Jim Christy’s and Janet Flanner’s assessments of Roquefort