Been in the Storm So Long_ The Aftermath of Slavery - Leon F. Litwack [421]
63. Nancy and D. Willard to Micajah Wilkinson, May 15, 1862, Micajah Wilkinson Papers, Louisiana State Univ.; Bryan, Confederate Georgia, 126–27; Robert L. Kerby, Kirby Smith’s Confederacy: The Trans-Mississippi South, 1863–1865 (New York, 1972), 257. For the way in which College Hill, a Presbyterian community in Mississippi, dealt with a church member who had killed a “defiant” slave, see Maud M. Brown, “The War Comes to College Hill,” Journal of Mississippi History, XVI (Jan. 1954), 28–30.
64. WPA, Negro in Virginia, 188.
65. Simkins and Patton, Women of the Confederacy, 162.
66. Rawick (ed.), American Slave, VII: Okla. Narr., 217–18, 220–22.
67. Albert V. House, Jr. (ed.), “Deterioration of a Georgia Rice Plantation During Four Years of Civil War,” Journal of Southern History, IX (1943), 101–02; Louis Manigault to “Mon Cher Pere” [Charles Manigault], Nov. 24, Dec. 5, 1861, South Carolina Dept. of Archives and History, Columbia; Chesnut, Diary from Dixie, 216; D. E. Huger Smith to Mrs. William Mason Smith, July 28, 1863, in Smith et al. (eds.), Mason Smith Family Letters, 57.
68. Wiley, Southern Negroes, 6–7; Rawick (ed.), American Slave, IV: Texas Narr. (Part 1), 108; V (Part 3), 129; Simkins and Patton, Women of the Confederacy, 174.
69. Albert, House of Bondage, 114–15; Charles Nordhoff, The Freedmen of South Carolina: Some Account of Their Appearance, Character, Condition, and Peculiar Customs [New York, 1863], 11–12; Mary Williams Pugh to Richard L. Pugh, Nov. 9, 1862, in Katharine M. Jones (ed.), Heroines of Dixie: Confederate Women Tell Their Story of the War (Indianapolis, 1955), 184; “Diary of John Berkley Grimball, 1858–1865,” South Carolina Historical Magazine, LVI (1955), 166–67. See also Douglass’ Monthly, IV (March 1862), 617; Henry L. Swint (ed.), Dear Ones at Home: Letters from Contraband Camps (Nashville, 1966), 42; Walter Clark, The Papers of Walter Clark (eds. Aubrey Lee Brooks and Hugh Talmage Lefler; 2 vols.; Chapel Hill, N.C., 1948), I, 94; Hitchcock, Marching with Sherman, 70.
70. Rawick (ed.), American Slave, VII: Okla. Narr., 221, 338; IV and V: Texas Narr. (Part 3), 150, (Part 2), 154–55. The Texas (TV-V) and Arkansas (VIII-XI) Narratives contain numerous recollections of the wartime migration. For a graphic description by a young white woman, see Stone, Brokenburn, 186–225. Still other accounts may be found in Sir Arthur James Lyon Fremantle, Three Months in the Southern States: April-June, 1863 (New York, 1864), 82, 86, 87; Kerby, Kirby Smith’s Confederacy, 255, 392–93; Jefferson D. Bragg, Louisiana in the Confederacy (Baton Rouge, 1941), 216–17; Wiley, Southern Negroes, 4–6.
71. Rawick (ed.), American Slave, IV and V: Texas Narr. (Part 1), 108, (Part 3), 30, 79–80; VIII: Ark. Narr. (Part 2), 247.
72. Mary Williams Pugh to Richard L. Pugh, Nov. 9, 1862, in Jones (ed.), Heroines of Dixie, 184. See also Bragg, Louisiana in the Confederacy, 217.
73. Chesnut, Diary from Dixie, 181–82; Rawick (ed.), American Slave, IV and V: Texas Narr. (Part 3), 129, (Part 2), 155.
74. Bayside Plantation Record, Louisiana, Part II, 1862–66, Southern Historical Collection, Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; J. Carlyle Sitterson, Sugar Country: The Cane Sugar Industry in the South, 1753–1950 (Lexington, Ky., 1953), 214–15.
75. “Diary of John Berkley Grimball,” 166–67, 213–14; House (ed.), “Deterioration of a Georgia Rice Plantation,” 107; Henry Yates Thompson, An Englishman in the American Civil War: The Diaries of Henry Yates Thompson, 1863 (ed. Christopher Chancellor; New York, 1971), 113; Johns, Florida During the Civil War, 152.
76. Wiley, Southern Negroes, 86–97. For accounts of slave prices during the war, see also Ruffin, Diary, II, 353, 466; Fremantle, Three Months