Being Wrong - Kathryn Schulz [201]
Mele, Alfred R., 375–76n
Melnikoff, Arnold, 235
melted by fire, 189–90
memories, 71–77, 184–85
Menand, Louis, 34
Midnight Cry, The, 204
military psychological operations (psyops), 64n
Miller, William (Millerites), 201–16, 218–19, 373n, 374–75n
mind
belief. See beliefs
evidence. See evidence
knowledge. See knowledge
minimization, 210–11
mirages, 47–52
mirror neurons, 381n
“mistakes,” defined, 12
models of wrongness, 25–28, 40–41, 42
modernism, 328–29
Modern Jackass, 84–85, 96, 137, 356n
Molière (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin), 3, 322
moment of error, 183–200
abrupt belief changes, 186–87
Anita Wilson and, 189–92, 195, 196
attitude toward, 197–200
first person present tense, 18, 184
forcing functions and, 193–94
gradual belief changes, 184–86
sunk costs and, 194–96
Montaigne, Michel de, 33, 142
morality (moral issues), 13–15, 232
Morse, Washington, 207
“mortify,” 26
Motorola, 303, 306
multiple-choice test, 115–18
Murdoch, Iris, 14, 346–47n
Nagel, Thomas, 253–55
Nahmanides (Rabbi Moses ben Nachman), 141
naïve realism, 99–104, 113, 333
Nash, Ogden, 8n
near-miss defense, 214–15, 216
necessity, and love, 261–62
negative feedback, 196, 249
Neisser, Ulric, 71–73
“networks of witnesses,” 142
Neufeld, Peter, 233–39, 244n, 377n
neurological problems, 67–69, 79–82
Newton, Isaac, 89, 126
New Yorker, 177, 206n
Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 252
9/11 terrorist attacks (2001), 72, 73, 76
1984 (Orwell), 185
Nisbett, Richard, 80–82
Nixon, Richard, 7
Norman, Donald, 211
Northwest Passage, 47–51, 353n
No True Scotsman fallacy, 128
Obama, Barack, 153, 177
“objectivity,” 333
obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), 165n
O’Donovan, Elizabeth, 124–25, 127, 130
offendicula, 137
old woman/young woman images, 66, 66n, 354n
Oneirocritica (Daldianus), 37–38
openness and error-prevention, 304–5, 306n
open-source movement, 305n, 388n
optical illusions, 58–61, 65–66, 324–25
checkerboard illusion, 58–60, 65, 352n
Optimistic Meta-Induction from the History of Everything, 320–39
art, 326–33
comedy and humor, 321–26
machines and belief, 334–35
self-image and, 335–38
optimistic model of wrongness, 27–28, 40–41, 42, 289, 327–30
Orion, 124, 130
Orwell, George, 185
ostracism, 153–55
out-of-left-field defense, 214–15, 216
Packer, George, 128
palinode, 7–8n
paradigm shifts, 186, 208, 349n
paradox of error, 299–319
democracy and, 311–16
language and, 307–9
listening and, 309–11
medical errors and, 299–302, 304–6
paralysis, denial of, 68–69, 77
Parry, William, 49–50, 353n
partitioned self, 232
Pascal, Blaise (Pascal’s wager), 216–17n
Pearl Harbor, 71–72
Peary, Robert, 51–52n
Peirce, Charles, 318–19
perception, 53–66, 254
blind spot, 57–58
mirages, 50–52
optical illusions, 58–61, 65–66
pessimism, 318–19
Pessimistic Meta-Induction from the History of Everything, 9, 318–19
Pessimistic Meta-Induction from the History of Science, 9, 101n
pessimistic model of wrongness, 27–28, 40–41, 42, 288–89, 327
phantom hat, 61–62, 62n
phantom limb, 61, 62n
philosophy, 11–12, 21–22, 55–56, 91–93
phrenology, 14
Piattelli-Palmarini, Massimo, 5, 346n
Picasso, Pablo, 328, 333
pickle jar, 280–81
Pinker, Steven, 59
Plato, 11, 22, 33, 55–56, 70–71, 75, 76, 259–60, 326–29, 346n, 354n
Pliny the Elder, 129
poetry, 329–30, 330n
political parties, 313–15, 366n
Pope, Alexander, 87
Post, Emily, 150
“poverty of the stimulus,” 119–20n
Praise of Folly (Erasmus), 38–39
presidential campaign of 2004, 174–77
preventing errors, 299–307, 374n
medical errors, 299–302, 304–6
Six Sigma, 303–4, 305–6
Pride and Prejudice (Austen), 331n
Prigatano, George, 354n
probability, 9, 125, 141, 312
Pronin, Emily, 107, 256–58
Protagoras, 55–56, 60n, 354n
Proust, Marcel, 251, 263, 283n
Psychopathology of Everyday Life (Freud), 19, 35, 37, 347n
psychotherapy, 95, 292–93
psyops (military psychological operations), 64n
puns, 325
Quetelet, Adolphe, 34–35n
Quine, Willard Van Orman, 116n, 362n
racism, 273–79, 294–95
radical doubt, 114