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• Classic-Fiction

Socialist democracy; democratic reforms under; as task force recommendation

Social protest. See Protests

Social services: subnational government provision of

Social unrest: containment of

Society: autonomy of; discontent in ; economic growth and; imbalances in; perception of stability in; vs. state; statistics about

Socioeconomic issues: elite rule and; urban discontent over

SOEs. See State-owned enterprises

Soft mafia states

Soil erosion

Soviet Union: disintegration of

Spending: on education ; on healthcare

Staffing. See Employment; Personnel

Stagnation: international implications of

Standard of living: of laid-off workers ; SOE restructuring and

Standing Committee CCP Group

State: authority over market and; banking sector and; commodities, factor markets, and; degeneration during reform era; employment by; erosion of capacity of; everyday economic decision making and; excess personnel employed by; peasant discontent and; resistance to ; separation of CCP from; social involvement by; vs. society; telecom service sector competition affiliations with; transformation from developmental to predatory

State-affiliated entities: banking and

State-affiliated joint-holding banks

State agents: classification of; employment of

State commercial banks (SCBs); dominance by and performance of

State Council; on competitive behavior in telecom service sector; poll of corporate executives by Development Research Center; telecom service industry monopoly and

State incapacitation; decline of public services and; education and; environment and ; public and workplace safety and; public health and ; rural public finance crisis and

State-market authority

State-owned banks

State-owned economy: success of reforms in

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) ; contract system and; control rights of; deterioration of; grain production and; investment in foreign countries by ; layoffs in; mass bankruptcy of; privatization of; restructuring of; share of economic output and employment; in telecom service sector

State-owned monopolies

State Planning Commission: on marketization

State predation: in pre- and posttransition communist countries

State sector: growing alongside of non-state sector

State-society relations

Status-quo bias

Structural reforms. See Reform(s)

Structure-based democratization

Students: recruitment by CCP

Subnational governments: social services provided by

Subsidiaries: official wealth deposited in

Subsidies: grain

Substitute cadres: in local employment

Sun Liping

Supervision law: NPC and

Supreme People’s Court

Supreme People’s Procuratorate

Sustained development: success in

Tan Heping

Tanner, Murray Scot

Task force on political reform

Taxes: agricultural; collecting ; on grain; substituting for fees

Tax reform (1994)

Telecom joint venture

Telecommunications: information controls and

Telecom services

Telecom service sector; efficiency in; international status of China in; monopoly and state control in; performance in; reasons for maintaining monopoly in ; restructuring in 2002,

Telephones. See also Telecom service sector

Television sets

Terrorisrm. See Mass terror

“Three Represents” theory (Jing Zemin)

Tiananmen crisis: political reform after

Tian Fengshan

Tian Jiyun

Top-down reform

Township-and-village enterprises (TVEs)

Townships: debt in; elections in

Trade. See Foreign trade; World Trade Organization (WTO)

Traffic fatality rates: public safety and

Transition: conditions in posttotalitarian regimes; decentralization of property rights during; decentralized predation during; economic costs of; ending partial reform equilibrium; erosion of institutional norms during; monitoring strategic agents during; regime

Transition economy; corruption in; decentralized predation and

Transmission capacity utilization rate: in telecom service sector

Transparency International: China rated by

Transportation: physical mobility and

Trapped transition: