Day of Empire_ How Hyperpowers Rise to Global Dominance--And Why They Fall - Amy Chua [198]
5. Endelman, The Jews of Britain, 1656 to 2000, pp. 4719, 66; Wilson, The Dutch Republic, p. 240; Niall Ferguson, Empire: How Britain Made the Modern World (London: Allen Lane, 2003), pp. 36-38; Peter Spufford, “Access to Credit and Capital in the Commercial Centers of Europe,” in Karel Davids and Jan Lucassen, eds., A Miracle Mirrored: The Dutch Republic in European Perspective (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), pp. 328-29; Peter Spufford, “From Antwerp to London: The Decline of Financial Centres in Europe,” Ortelius Lecture, Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study, May 18, 2005, pp. 30-31. A good treatment of the Bank of England is John Giuseppi, The Bank of England: A History from Its Foundation in 1694 (Chicago: Henry Regnery Co., 1996).
6. Endelman, The Jews of Britain, 1656 to 2000, pp. 49, 66, 92-93; Spufford, “Access to Credit and Capital in the Commercial Centers of Europe,” pp. 328-29; Spufford, “From Antwerp to London,” pp. 30-31; Gedalia Yogev, Diamonds and Coral: Anglo-Dutch Jews and Eighteenth-Century Trade (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1978), pp. 20-21. See also William J. Bernstein, The Birth of Plenty: How the Prosperity of the Modern World Was Created (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004), pp. 146-49, 154-60.
7. Endelman, The Jews of Britain, 1656 to 2000, pp. 6, 4114, 73, 79, 93,153.
8. Ibid., pp. 8-9, 35-38, 79, 101-7, 127, 164, 173.
9. My discussion of the Huguenots, France's religious wars, and the Edict of Nantes and its Revocation draws heavily on R. J. Knecht, The Rise and Fall of Renaissance France, 1483-1610 (London: Fontana Press, 1996), pp. 308-11, 322-25, 351138, 542-47, 572-77; G. A. Rothrock, The Huguenots: A Biography of a Minority (Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1979), pp. 74-75, 94-95, 97-99, chaps. 7-11; Warren C. Scoville, The Persecution of Huguenots and French Economic Development, 1680-1720 (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1960), pp. 7-21, chaps. 4 and 5; and the various essays in Raymond A. Mentzer and Andrew Spicer, eds., Society and Culture in the Huguenot World, 1559-1685 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), especially at pp. 1, 10, 213-18, 224-37. See also the following Web sites: the National Huguenot Society, huguenot.net nation.com/general/huguenot.htm; and the Huguenot Society of Great Britain and Ireland, www.huguenotsociety.org.uk/history/.
10. See Carlo M. Cipolla, Clocks and Culture, 1300-1700 (London: Collins, 1967), pp. 65-75; Scoville, The Persecution of Huguenots, pp. 210-52; Raymond A. Mentzer and Andrew Spicer, “Epilogue,” in Society and Culture in the Huguenot World, pp. 224-37. For suggestions that the economic effect of the Revocation on France has been overestimated, see Rothrock, The Huguenots, pp. 183-86; Scoville, The Persecution of Huguenots, pp. 4347.
11. See Alice C. Carter, “The Huguenot Contribution to the Early Years of the Funded Debt, 1694-1714,” and Alice C. Carter, “Financial Activities of the Huguenots in London and Amsterdam in the Mid-Eighteenth Century,” both in Proceedings of the Huguenot Society of London, 1952-1958, vol. 19 (Frome, U.K.: Butler and Tanner, 1959), pp. 21-41 and 313-33, especially pp. 21-29, 37, 4CM11, 313-14, 333; Wallerstein, Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-Economy, pp. 278-80; Wilson, The Dutch Republic, pp. 237-40. See also the BBC's “Immigration and Emigration: The Huguenots, “www.bbc.co.uk/legacies/immig_emig/england/london/article_l.shtml.
12. My discussion of the Darien venture and the 1707 Act of Union is based largely on Arthur Herman, How the Scots Invented the Modern World: The True Story of How Western Europe's Poorest Nation Created Our World and Everything in It (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2001), pp. 32-37, 39-40, 42, 48-49, 53-55; and John Prebble, The Darien Disaster (London: Seeker & Warburg, 1968), pp. 11-14, 51-52, 56-60, 90-91, 113-18, 184-85,216,268-69.
13. Giuseppi, The Bank of England, pp. 1-26;