Empire Lost - Andrew Stewart [149]
63 Waterson to Smuts, 11 November 1941, Waterson Papers; ibid., Diary, 31 October 1941; Diary, 27 September 1941.
64 Duff Cooper to Churchill, 31 October 1941, PREM3/155; Glen St.J. Barclay, 'Singapore Strategy: The Role of the United States in Imperial Defense', Military Affairs (Vol. 39, No. 2; April 1975), p. 57.
65 Gowrie to DO, 10 October 1941, DO121/50.
66 Cranborne to Churchill, 24 November 1941, PREM3/155; ibid., note by Churchill, 25 November 1941.
67 Churchill to Eden, 23 November 1941, PREM3/156/6; Richard Grace, 'Whitehall and the Ghost of Appeasement: November 1941', Diplomatic History, (Vol. 3; 1979), pp. 173-91.
68 Cumpston, Lord Bruce of Melbourne, pp. 188-9; HCWM, 12 November 1941, DO121/11; WCM(41)109, 5 November 1941, CAB65/24; Cranborne to Fadden, 12 September 1941, DAFP V, pp. 109-11; ibid., Cranborne to Fadden, 19 September 1941, pp. 116-17.
69 HCWM, 24 November 1941, DO121/11.
70 Diary, 18 November 1941, Page Papers.
71 Attlee to Churchill, 20 November 1941, DO121/10B.
72 WCM(41)122, 1 December 1941, CAB65/24; de-cyphered Japanese document, 30 November 1941, HW1/288; Gilbert, Finest Hour, pp. 1259-67.
73 Brigadier Ivan Simson to Liddell Hart, 26 June 1968, Liddell Hart Papers, LH9/31/41a.
74 H. Martin and N. Orpen, South Africa at War, Vol. 7 (Cape Town, 1979), pp. 124-5, 132-3; J. C. Smuts, Jan Christian Smuts (London, 1952), pp. 415-16; A. M. Pollock, Pienaar of Alamein (Cape Town, 1943), pp. 75-86; Carel Birkby, Uncle George: The Boer Boyhood, Letters and Battles of Lieutenant-General George Edwin Brink (Johannesburg, 1987), pp. 242-4; Harlech to Churchill, 2 October 1941, PREM4/44/1; Harlech to DO, 28 January 1942, DO35/588/3.
75 Beloff, Dream of Commonwealth, pp. 348-60; Pickersgill, The Mackenzie King Record, pp. 268-95.
76 Day, The Great Betrayal, pp. 192-202; Horner, Inside the War Cabinet, pp. 75-7; Henry Probert, 'British Strategy and the Far East War, 1941-1945' in Nish (ed.), Anglo Japanese Alienation, 1919-1952 (London, 1982), p. 161; Mansergh, Problems of Wartime Cooperation, pp. 120-3.
77 Ross, John Curtin, pp. 236-9.
78 Curtin to Cranborne, 4 November 1941, DAFP V, pp. 162-3; Churchill to Curtin, 27 November 1941, DO121/119; Curtin to Churchill, 29 November 1941, DAFP V, pp. 237-8.
79 Brooke-Popham to Sir Arthur Street, 28 October 1941, Brooke-Popham Papers; Duff Cooper to Cranborne, 31 October 1941, Cranborne Papers; ibid., Duff Cooper to Churchill, 1 December 1941.
80 Horner, Defence Supremo: Sir Frederick Shedden and the Making of Australian Defence Policy (Sydney, 2000), pp. 95-6.
81 Churchill, The Grand Alliance, pp. 475-7; Ismay to Harry Hopkins, 12 January 1941; Diary, 7/21 December 1941, Waterson Papers.
82 Gilbert, Road to Victory: Winston S.Churchill, 1941-1945 (London, 1986), pp. 1-3; Charmley, Churchill: The End of Glory, pp. 475-9; Robertson, 'Australia and the "Beat Hitler First" Strategy', pp. 310-31.
83 Mansergh, Problems of Wartime Cooperation, p. 128.
Notes to Chapter 7: The 'First' Dominion
1 Any study of this question begins with Roger Louis' Imperialism at Bay and Thorne's Allies of a Kind and it is difficult to surpass them so great and compelling are the two volumes. The first remains the definitive examination of American and British wartime planning for the future of the colonial world, it being rightly acclaimed shortly after its publication as 'one historical study that will not need to be done again'. Among the main themes it sought to explore, one of its foci was the examination of the interaction between Whitehall and the Dominion governments. It recognized at the beginning that Americans generally did not distinguish between the Empire and Commonwealth. But what it was not able to do—because the government documents were not available at the time—was to consider fully the opening questions posed by this chapter. Thorne, with his third chapter looking exclusively at the Anglo-American relationship prior to the Pearl Harbor