• Choose a category
• All
• Classic-Fiction

and China 147-148, 162

colonial wars 450-453

demographics 530

and Dutch trade 398

Kōminka 449-455

and Korea 450-452

Pacific empire 451

population 153n

Portuguese trading posts 387

and Russia 433, 452

Japanese 46n, 138, 528

kana syllabary 116, 156, 210-211

kanbun tradition 476n

spread 450, 453-455

Sino-Japanese 162-163

Jaqaru 357

Jaqi 357

jargons 10

Jataka tales 201, 208

Java 147, 149, 201, 203, 204n, 205-206, 213, 389, 398-399, 402, 564n30

Javanese 208, 498, 514, 528, 532

Jefferson, Thomas, US President 488

Jérez, Rodrigo de, Spanish interpreter 335

Jerome (also Hieronymus) (Saint), Bible translator 294

Jerusalem 79-80, 129, 248

Jesus of Nazareth, Jewish prophet 86-87

Jevons, Stanley 511

Jews see Hebrew

Jiménez de Quesada, Gonzalo, Spanish conquistador 363

Jingpo 134

John of Ephesus, Byzantine historian, 262

John of Salisbury, English monk 408

Johore 148

Jolliet, Louis, French explorer 412

Jones, Sir William, English scholar 185, 224

Josephus, Jewish historian 71

Josiah, king of Judah 129

Ju Ying, Chinese envoy 147

Judaea 248

Judah 78-79, 81, 83, 129

Judaism 21, 70, 159, 306n, 537

Judas Maccabaeus, Jewish revolutionary 248

Judith, Jewish heroine 69-70

Jürchen 120, 142, 143, 144, 153

Justinian, Byzantine emperor 132n, 233, 257, 260

Juvenal, Roman satirist 280, 302

Kabard-Balkar 423n

Kafirs 262

Kalhu also Nimrud 66

Kālidāsa, Sanskrit poet 559

Kalinga 197-198, 199

Kalmyk 423n

Kalyana 88

Kāma Sūtra (Vatsyāyana) 176

Kandahar 85, 246

Kang Tai, Chinese envoy 147

Kanishka, king of Kushana 219

Kannada 177, 187-188, 198

Kaoru, Inoue, Japanese foreign minister 450

Karakorum 90

Karen 134

Karkemish 39, 41

Karlgren, Bernhard, Swedish linguist 163

Kartalina-Kakhetia 434

Kashmir 97n, 178

Kassites 40, 41, 43, 55, 60, 63

Kathāsaritsāgaram (Somadeva) 201

Kaunndinya, Indian explorer 4

Kavafis, Constantine, Greek poet 228

Kavirāja, Sanskrit poet 184

Kawki 357

Kazakhstan 423n, 435, 443, 445, 547

Kazan 106, 427, 440

Kenya 105, 508, 532, 544

Kerala 88

Keys, David, British historian 313

Kharoshthi script 85n, 246

Khazars 106, 306, 425, 555

Khitan 120, 142, 153

Khiva 437

Khmer 202-203, 208

Khoi 22

Khrushchev, Nikita, Soviet leader 437

Khurasan 98

Khuzistan 57

Khwarezmian 48

Kiev 106, 426, 431

Kipchak-Polovtsians 425

Kirkuk 41

Kirkwood, Montague British diplomat 453n

Kish 27, 37

Kling, India as known by South-East Asians 199

Kogi 363

Kokand 437

Kōminka (imperialization) 449-455

Konkani 390n

Koran see Qur’an

Korea 162, 423n, 450-453

Buddhism 178

and Japan 380

Korean 46n, 138, 156, 528-529, 576n12

alphabet 156

Sino-Korean 162-163

Krio Creole of English 508

Kristang dialect of Portuguese 390

Kublai (Khubilai) Khan, emperor of China 143, 156, 179, 212n

Kumārajīva, Indian Buddhist translator 119

Kushana empire 48n, 108, 219, 246, 257-8, 269

Kushite 126-129, 131n

Kushite dynasty 120, 127, 158, 164

Kutadgū Bilig, Turkic didactic poem 106

Kyrgyzstan 437, 547

Laghman 85

Lampridius, Aelius, Roman historian 299

Landa, Diego de, Spanish cleric 348n

Language charisma 21-22, 86-93, 179

Language communities 7-10, 525, 557

Language diversity 471, 557-559

Language dynamics 529-533, 558

Language growth

organic 19, 527-528, 530-1

’merger and acquisition’ (M&A) 19, 24, 527

Top Twenty 19n, 525-533

vaster than empires 556-559

Language history 5, 7-25, 51

major epochs 24-25

Language loss

(Punic) 76-77, (Hebrew) 79-80, (Egyptian) 164-167, (Gaulish) 299-301, (Massachusett) 485, (North American languages) 489-490

Language mixing see creolisation

Language prestige 19, 532, 550-552

Language properties 23

Language size distribution 527

Language spread (see also Imperial languages), caused by military conquest 20-21, 85, 195-199, 243, 294, 339, 416, 422, 46-461, 520, 557

caused