Fast Food Nation - Eric Schlosser [204]
A 1999 study by the American Cancer Society: See Katherine Webster, “Study: Obesity Can Shorten Lifespan,” AP, October 6, 1999.
“The message is we’re too fat”: The researcher is Eugenia Calle, quoted ibid.
Severely obese American children: See Dennis Michael Styne, “Childhood Obesity: Time for Action, Not Complacency,” American Family Physician, February 15, 1999.
the number of fast food restaurants in Great Britain: Cited in Gleick, “Land of the Fat.”
and so did the obesity rate among adults: Cited in Gary Taubes, “Demographics: Weight Increases Worldwide?” Science, May 29, 1998
The British now eat more fast food: Cited in Kate Watson Smyth, “Britons Eating 7M Pounds of Fast Food Every Day,” Independent, May 13, 1999.
They also have the highest obesity rate: Cited in Gleick, “Land of the Fat.”
less of a problem in Italy and Spain: Ibid.
where spending on fast food is relatively low: See Smyth, “Britons Eating 7M Pounds”; “Fast Food Is Taking Over the World,” USA Today Magazine, May 1, 1999; Dita Smith, “What on Earth? Fast-Food Feast,” Washington Post, May 27, 2000.
In China, the proportion of overweight teenagers: Cited in Simon Pollock, “China’s Biggest ‘Little Emperors’ Struggle to Tone Up,” Japan Economic Newswire, August 18, 1999.
In Japan, eating hamburgers: For a good account of how eating habits were transformed in Japan, see Mark Hammond and Jacqueline Ruyak, “The Decline of the Japanese Diet: MacArthur to McDonald’s,” East West, October 1990.
242 the sale of fast food in Japan more than doubled: Ibid.
the rate of obesity among children: The statistic comes from the Japanese Education Ministry. Cited in “Western Fast Food Is Blamed for Overweight Children,” Food Labeling News, May 13, 1998.
about one-third of all Japanese men in their thirties: See Joseph Coleman, “More Japanese Men Are Overweight,” AP, June 15, 1998; “Time to Trim the Fat of the Land,” Japan Times, November 14, 1999.
243 a study of middle-aged Japanese men: The Ni-Hon-San Study is described in Hammond and Ruyack, “MacArthur to McDonald.” See also Jeanette G. Kernicki, “A Multicultural Perspective on Cardiovascular Disease,” Journal of Cardiovascular Nurses, July 1997.
American children now get about one-quarter: Cited in Janet McConnaughey, “Chips, Fries Big Part of Kids’ Diet,” AP, September 5, 1999.
A survey of children’s advertising: See “A Spoonful of Sugar — Television Food Advertising Aimed at Children: An International Comparative Survey,” Consumers International, London, November 1996; “Advertising to Children: UK the Worst in Europe,” Food Magazine, January/March 1997.
“Resist America beginning with Cola”: Quoted in Philip F. Zeidman, “Globalization: A Hard Pill to Swallow?” Franchising World, July/August 1999.
“Maybe they think it’s Italian”: Quoted in “U.S. Companies in China Keeping Low Profile,” Colorado Springs Gazette, May 11,1999.
“lousy food”: The French phrase for what Bove scorns is “la mal-bouffe.” See Sophie Meunier, “The French Exception,” Foreign Affairs, August 2000.
244 largest purchaser of agricultural commodities in France: Cited in Carla Power, “McParadox,” Newsweek International, July 10, 2000.
“servile slaves at the service of agribusiness”: Quoted in John Lloyd, “The Trial of Jose Bove,” Financial Times, July 1, 2000.
“Non à McMerde”: Quoted in John Lichfield, “St. Jose Makes His Stand Against the Chicken ‘McMerde,’” Independent, July 1,2000.
“epitomises everything we despise”: Quoted in Christopher Dunkley, “The Greens Take a Bite at Big Mac,” Financial Times, May 17, 1997.
245 “What’s Wrong with McDonald’s?”: See “What’s Wrong with McDonald’s? Everything They Don’t Want You to Know,” London Greenpeace, 1986.
246 McDonald’s threatened to sue at least fifty: See Vidal, McLibel, pp. 46–47.
about $18 billion: “McDonald’s History Listing,” McDonald’s Corporation, 1996.
the court record included 40,000 pages of documents: Cited in Colleen Graffy, “Big Mac Bited Back,” American Bar Association Journal, August 1997.
247 McDonald