FDR - Jean Edward Smith [457]
90. Eleanor Roosevelt, This I Remember 112–113 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1949).
91. “It was as comfortable as a camp can be,” Eleanor told her press conference afterward. “Remarkably clean and orderly, grand-looking boys, a fine spirit. There was no kind of disturbance, nothing but the most courteous behavior.” Quoted in Blanche Wiesen Cook, 2 Eleanor Roosevelt 46 (New York: Viking, 1999).
92. Schlesinger, Coming of the New Deal 15.
93. For a firsthand account of FDR’s surprised response to the Black bill, see Frances Perkins, The Roosevelt I Knew 192–195 (New York: Viking Press, 1946).
94. “A Recommendation to the Congress to Enact the National Industrial Recovery Act to Put People to Work,” May 17, 1933, 2 Public Papers and Addresses 202–206.
95. 48 Stat. 195, Public Law 67, 73rd Congress.
96. Using a conversion factor of 13.89, that would amount to roughly $35,000 currently.
97. Press Conference, March 8, 1933, 2 Public Papers and Addresses 37.
98. Quoted in Ray Tucker, “Ickes—and No Fooling,” Collier’s, September 30, 1933. Jonathan Alter’s lively The Defining Moment: FDR’s Hundred Days and the Triumph of Hope (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006) appeared too late to be helpful, but see especially pages 207–318.
SIXTEEN | New Deal Ascendant
The epigraph is from Richard E. Neustadt, Presidential Power 229 (New York: New American Library, 1960).
1. J. B. West with Mary Lynn Kotz, Upstairs at the White House 18, 23 (New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1973).
2. FDR’s daily schedule is discussed by Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., The Coming of the New Deal 511–515 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1959); Kenneth S. Davis, FDR: The New Deal Years 201–205 (New York: Random House, 1979); Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt: Launching the New Deal 267–288 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1973); and Conrad Black, Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom 284 (New York: PublicAffairs, 2003). I am indebted to each.
3. Frances Perkins, The Roosevelt I Knew 65–66. Gloster, a champion trotter, was raised by FDR’s father, sold to Leland Stanford, and killed in a train wreck on the West Coast. See chapter 1.
4. Time, March 20, 1933.
5. Eleanor lunched daily in the Private Dining Room, adjacent to the State Dining Room, on the first floor. Chief Usher West reports these were formal lunches for at least twelve and that ER often wrote the place cards herself. West, Upstairs at the White House 19. For Stimson’s luncheons with FDR, see Henry L. Stimson and McGeorge Bundy, On Active Service in Peace and War 300–301 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1948). For Flynn’s visits, see Edward J. Flynn, You’re the Boss 161–168 (New York: Viking Press, 1947).
6. Admiral McIntire was an ear, nose, and throat specialist. His main concern was FDR’s sinus problems and head colds. See Ross McIntire, White House Physician (New York: Putnam, 1946).
7. Robert Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins 214 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1948).
8. Hemingway’s comments are in a letter to his second wife, Pauline Pfeiffer, from the Bahamas, August 2, 1937. “Martha Gellhorn, the girl who fixed it up for Joris Ivens and I to go there [Hemingway married Ms. Gellhorn in 1940] ate three sandwiches in the Newark airport before we flew to Washington. We thought she was crazy at the time but she said the food was always uneatable and everybody ate before they went there for dinner.” Ernest Hemingway Selected Letters 470, Carlos Baker, ed. (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1981).
9. Ickes’s comments were written after the annual dinner the Roosevelts gave for the cabinet on December 18, 1934. “Wine was served for the first time since prohibition went into effect. Mrs. Roosevelt had announced she would serve one glass each of two domestic wines and she kept her word. The sherry was passable but the champagne was undrinkable.… I am bound to say that probably on only one other occasion have I ever tasted worse champagne, and it does seem to me that if decent champagne can’t be made in the United States, it ought to be permissible, even for the White