FDR - Jean Edward Smith [458]
10. John Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect 93 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1950).
11. Henrietta Nesbitt, White House Diary 19–20 (New York: Doubleday, 1948).
12. Blanche Wiesen Cook, 2 Eleanor Roosevelt (New York: Viking Penguin, 1999).
13. Grace Tully, F.D.R.: My Boss 115 (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1949).
14. Nesbitt, White House Diary 66.
15. James Roosevelt with Bill Libby, My Parents: A Differing View 213 (Chicago: Playboy Press, 1976). ER chided James for his criticism of Mrs. Nesbitt. If the president did not like the food or the menus, it was her responsibility since she approved them, wrote Eleanor. ER to James Roosevelt, July 30, 1959, quoted in Joseph P. Lash, Eleanor and Franklin 501 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1971).
16. Lillian Rogers Parks and Frances S. Leighton, The Roosevelts: A Family in Turmoil 69–70 (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1981). The observation is by Ms. Parks.
17. Nesbitt, White House Diary 185.
18. Parks, The Roosevelts 30–31.
19. Ibid. 170.
20. “Mary was devoted heart and soul to the Boss and warred with the rest of the White House management to see to it that he got what he wanted,” wrote Grace Tully. “From the time of her arrival the fare in the family kitchen, at least, took a decided turn for the better.” F.D.R.: My Boss 117–118.
21. Ibid.
22. West, Upstairs at the White House 78.
23. Ickes, 1 Secret Diary 461.
24. John Garner interview, U.S. News & World Report, March 8, 1957.
25. Eleanor Roosevelt, This I Remember 117 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1949).
26. Schlesinger, Coming of the New Deal 513, 580–581.
27. Amberjack II, built in 1931 by George Lawley and Son of Neponset, Massachusetts, was owned by Paul Drummond Rust, Jr., a college friend of James. Seaworthy and easy to handle, the two-masted vessel had finished third the year before in Fastnet, the grueling 3,000-mile transatlantic race to England, though it was the smallest vessel competing. If not luxurious, it was well appointed and had a 40-horsepower gasoline auxiliary engine. Robert F. Cross, Sailor in the White House: The Seafaring Life of FDR 9 (Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 2003).
28. Nantucket Inquirer and Mirror, June 24, 1933.
29. Edmund W. Starling and Thomas Sugrue, Starling of the White House 308–311 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1946).
30. Cross, Sailor in the White House 13.
31. The New York Times, June 30, 1933.
32. Charles Hurd, When the New Deal Was Young and Gay 165–170 (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1965).
33. Arthur Krock interview, Columbia Oral History Project, Columbia University.
34. Quoted in William E. Leuchtenburg, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal 205 (New York: Harper & Row, 1963).
35. Davis, FDR: New Deal Years 339. In 1922, Walsh served as director-general of the Papal Relief Mission to the USSR and also as the Vatican’s representative to the Soviet government.
36. For the State Department’s attitude, see Daniel Yergin, Shattered Peace 17–22 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977). Morgenthau’s role is discussed extensively in John Morton Blum, From the Morgenthau Diaries 54 ff. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1959).
37. When a newsman asked FDR who was going to conduct the negotiations with Litvinov, the president pointed to himself and said, “This man here.” Undersecretary of State William Phillips tried to persuade FDR to say publicly that the State Department was not being cut out, but Roosevelt refused. Martin Weil, A Pretty Good Club: The Founding Fathers of the U.S. Foreign Service 87–88 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1978), quoting Caroline Phillips’s journal, October 27, 1933.
38. Cf., United States v. Belmont, 301 U.S. 324 (1937); United States v. Pink, 315 U.S. 203 (1942), emphasizing the sovereign power of the U.S. government to conduct foreign relations. “We take judicial notice of the fact that coincident with the assignment, the President recognized the Soviet Government, and normal diplomatic relations were established,” said Justice