FDR - Jean Edward Smith [474]
6. Presidential Proclamation 2365, September 13, 1939, 8 Public Papers and Addresses 510. After an informal head count, Ed Halsey, secretary of the Senate, advised the White House that at least sixty senators would support repeal and twenty-five oppose, a remarkably accurate assessment. Steve Early to FDR, September 7, 1939, 2 FDR: Personal Letters 918–919.
7. FDR to Moore, September 11, 1939, ibid. 919.
8. The New York Times, September 15, 1939.
9. 5 Vital Speeches 751–752.
10. Kenneth S. Davis, FDR: Into the Storm 496 (New York: Random House, 1993).
11. Joseph Alsop and Robert Kintner, American White Paper 73 ff. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1940).
12. Harding set a presidential record, addressing joint sessions of Congress six times in two years. His final message, on February 7, 1923, pertained to Britain’s war debt to the United States. Neither Coolidge nor Hoover addressed Congress, and their annual messages were read by the reading clerks. Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives, “Joint Meetings, Sessions, Inaugurations, 60th to 79th Congress.”
13. Message to Congress, September 21, 1939. 8 Public Papers and Addresses 512–522.
14. Memo of General Watson to FDR, September 21, 1939, reporting Borah’s approval but also the senator’s determination “to make some kind of fight.” William L. Langer and S. Everett Gleason, 1 The Challenge to Isolation 224n (Cambridge, Mass.: Peter Smith, 1970) (reprint).
15. 4 Public Opinion Quarterly 102 (1940); Davis, Into the Storm 499.
16. For the committee vote, see The New York Times, September 29, 1939. Democrat Bennett Champ Clark of Missouri voted against; Republican Wallace White of Maine in favor. Otherwise it was a straight party-line vote.
17. Davis, FDR: Into the Storm 500.
18. The New York Times, October 27, 1939.
19. FDR to Lord Tweedsmuir, October 5, 1939, 2 FDR: Personal Letters 934.
20. 2 The Secret Diary of Harold L. Ickes 712–713 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1954).
21. Daniel Levy and Susan Brink, A Change of Heart 13 (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005).
22. 6 Vital Speeches 57–59.
23. Radio address to the New York Herald Tribune Forum, October 26, 1939. 8 Public Papers and Addresses 554–557.
24. Bascom N. Timmons, Garner of Texas 265 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1948).
25. Edward J. Flynn, You’re the Boss 154 (New York: Viking Press, 1947).
26. Geoffrey C. Ward, A First-Class Temperament 740–741n (New York: Harper & Row, 1989); Doris Kearns Goodwin, No Ordinary Time 107–108 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994).
27. FDR’s conversation with Tobin was reported by Frances Perkins, who had accompanied the Teamster president to the Oval Study. Perkins, The Roosevelt I Knew 126 (New York: Viking Press, 1946).
28. John Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect 308–309 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1950). Also see Paul H. Appleby, “Roosevelt’s Third Term Decision,” 46 American Political Science Review 754–765 (1952).
29. Morgenthau diary, January 24, 1940, FDRL.
30. Quoted in Ted Morgan, FDR: A Biography 519–520 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985).
31. For the President: Personal and Secret: The Correspondence Between Franklin D. Roosevelt and William C. Bullitt 398, Orville H. Bullitt, ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972).
32. Ickes, 3 Secret Diaries 95.
33. “James, it is my sincere feeling that a Roman Catholic could not be elected President of the United States at this time or for many years to come,” said Mundelein. “I hope, therefore, that you will do nothing to involve the Catholics of this country in another debacle such as we experienced in 1928.” James A. Farley, Jim Farley’s Story 174–177 (New York: Whittlesey House, 1948).
34. Hull, 1 Memoirs 856.
35. James MacGregor Burns, Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox 414 (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1956).
36. Hull, 1 Memoirs 856.
37. Quoted in Williamson Murray and Allan R. Millett, A War to Be Won 63 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press,