FDR - Jean Edward Smith [500]
127. Bruenn, “Clinical Notes” 587–588.
128. Frances Perkins, The Roosevelt I Knew 393 (New York: Viking Press, 1946).
129. 990th Press Conference, January 19, 1945, 25 Complete Presidential Press Conferences 45.
130. FDR, Fourth Inaugural Address, January 20, 1945, 13 Public Papers and Addresses 523–525. The quotation is from Emerson’s Essays, First Series, Friendship.
131. Rosenman, Working with Roosevelt 517.
132. John Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect 29 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1950).
133. “I’d never seen Father drink in that manner,” James wrote. Roosevelt and Shalett, Affectionately, F.D.R. 354–355.
134. Bruenn, “Clinical Notes” 588.
135. The New York Times, January 21, 1945.
136. Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect 28.
137. George Martin, Madam Secretary: Frances Perkins 461 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1976).
138. Stimson and Bundy, On Active Service 619. “Russia’s entry at as early a date as possible consistent with her ability to engage in offensive operations is necessary to provide maximum support [for] our main effort against Japan,” the Joint Chiefs advised Roosevelt on January 23. “The objective of Russia’s military effort against Japan should be defeat of the Japanese forces in Manchuria, air operations against Japan proper … and maximum interference with Japanese sea traffic between Japan and the mainland of Asia.”
139. “We foresaw that Roosevelt would have himself wheeled into the park surrounding the palace to take the air, and so we could no longer be satisfied with microphones hidden in the rooms that were assigned to him.” Sergo Beria, Beria: My Father 104 (London: Duckworth, 2001).
140. Winston S. Churchill, Triumph and Tragedy 344 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1953). Beria, Beria: My Father 106; Moran, Diaries 242.
141. Edward R. Stettinius, Roosevelt and the Russians: The Yalta Conference 72 (New York: Doubleday, 1949).
142. Leahy, I Was There 321.
143. Bohlen, Witness to History 172; also see Bohlen, The Transformation of American Foreign Policy 44 (New York: Norton, 1969).
144. W. Averell Harriman and Elie Abel, Special Envoy to Churchill and Stalin 389 (New York: Random House, 1973).
145. Anna to John Boettiger, February 6, 1945, FDRL.
146. Bruenn, “Clinical Notes” 589.
147. Without that agreement by the Soviets, wrote Bohlen, “There would hardly have been a United Nations.” Bohlen, Witness to History 193–195.
148. Harriman and Abel, Special Envoy 405.
149. Ibid. 407.
150. For the text of the Declaration of Liberated Europe, see FRUS, The Conferences at Malta and Yalta, 1945 977–978 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1955).
151. Leahy, I Was There 315–316.
152. Kennedy, Freedom from Fear 802–803.
153. For text, see FRUS, Conferences at Malta and Yalta 984. Also see Bohlen, Witness to History 196–196; Harriman and Abel, Special Envoy 400. Churchill added his signature to the agreement, though he took no part in its negotiation. “To us the problem was remote and secondary.”
154. Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Rendezvous with Destiny 591 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1990); Forrest C. Pogue, 3 George C. Marshall 531–539 (New York: Viking, 1973). Cf. Ernest J. King and Walter Muir Whitehill, Fleet Admiral King: A Naval Record 591–592 (New York: Norton, 1952).
155. Morgan, FDR 755.
156. WSC to Clementine Churchill, February 12, 1945, Winston and Clementine: The Personal Letters of the Churchills 515, Mary Soames, ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998).
157. Ward, ed., Closest Companion 397; Beatrice Bishop Berle and Travis Beale Jacobs, eds., Navigating the Rapids: From the Papers of Adolf A. Berle 477 (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1973).
158. FDR, Address to Congress on Yalta, March 1, 1945, 13 Public Papers and Addresses 570–586.
159. Frances Perkins, The Roosevelt I Knew 395. Rosenman, who helped draft the speech, was disappointed with Roosevelt’s delivery