Free Radicals - Michael Brooks [129]
p. 125 the first line of attack for doctors presented with a peptic ulcer: http://consensus.nih.gov/1994/1994HelicobacterPyloriUlcer094html.htm
p. 126 Major Walter Reed, left Cuba and headed back to Washington: An interesting, up-to-date take on the incident can be found in A. Mehra, ‘Politics of Participation: Walter Reed’s Yellow-Fever Experiments’, Virtual Mentor, vol. 11, p. 326 (April 2009), available at http://virtualmentor.ama-assn.org/2009/04/mhst1–0904.html
p. 126 the shameful US Public Health Service project known as the Tuskegee syphilis study: There are many books on this episode, e.g. S. Reverby, Examining Tuskegee: The Infamous Syphilis Study and Its Legacy (University of North Carolina Press, 2009), but there are also a host of online resources about it, e.g. the website of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, http://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/index.html
p. 126 An equally shameful but more recent example of scientific recklessness: The best commentary and rundown of the Wakefield scandal is at the website of Sunday Times journalist Brian Deer: http://briandeer.com/mmr-lancet.htm
p. 127 ‘a callous disregard’ for the suffering of children: The GMC statement, issued on 24 May 2010, is available at www.gmc-uk.org/Wakefield_SPM_and_SANCTION.pdf_32595267.pdf
p. 127 Measles has again emerged as a killer disease: There is a salutary warning of Wakefield’s impact in the UK Health Protection Agency’s graph of notifications and confirmed cases at http://www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAweb&HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1195733808276
p. 127 Hwang is not guilt-free: See, for example, ‘S Korea cloning pioneer disgraced’, 24 November 2005, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4465552.stm; D. Cyranoski, ‘Clone Star Admits Lies over Eggs’, Nature, vol. 438, p. 536 (2005); ‘10 Questions For Dr. Hwang Woo Suk’, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1137709,00. html; ‘Cloning Pioneer Admits Ethical Violations and Quits’, http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn8367
p. 127 There are plenty more examples of questionable practices: See e.g. J. Minkel, ‘Self-Experimenters Step Up for Science’, scientificamerican. com, 10 March 2008, available at http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=self-experimenters
p. 128 As Rebecca Skloot observes: R. Skloot, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks (Macmillan, 2010), p. 315.
p. 129 the ‘indescribable’ feeling of having worms burrow through his skin: E. Svoboda, ‘The Worms Crawl in’, New York Times, 1 July 2008, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/01/health/research/01prof.html
p. 130 an unlikely sentence in The Biochemist: D. Pritchard, ‘Can Parasites Be Good for You?’, The Biochemist, vol. 31(4), p. 28 (2009).
p. 132 ‘I would have died in the service of science …’: from E.E. Hume, Max von Pettenkofer: His Theory of the Etiology of Cholera, Typhoid Fever, and Other Intestinal Diseases. A Review of His Arguments and Evidence (Hoeber, 1927), p. 456.
CHAPTER 5
p. 133 Landrum Shettles was hurrying towards his laboratory: The story is told in PBS’s American Experience programme Test Tube Babies. There is a transcript at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/transcript/babies-transcript/
p. 135 the EAB finally issued their report on the prospects for human IVF: For a discussion of the report and its context, see http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11278&page=23. This is part of Guidelines for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research (National Academies Press, 2005). See also this useful timeline on the history and politics of embryo and stem cell research in the United States: http://www.nature.com/gt/journal/v9/n11/full/3301744a.html
p. 135 Americans now favoured the use of IVF: For the polling history, see H. Mason Kiefer, ‘Gallup Brain: The Birth of In Vitro Fertilization’, 5 August 2003, available at http://www.gallup.com/poll/8983/gallup-brain-birth-vitro-fertilization.aspx
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