Freedom, Inc_ - Brian M. Carney [152]
8. Personal exchange with Liisa Joronen, May 10, 2009.
9. P. B. Baltes and U. Kunzmann, “The Two Faces of Wisdom: Wisdom as a General Theory of Knowledge and Judgment About Excellence in Mind and Virtue vs. Wisdom as Everyday Realization in People and Products,” Human Development 47 (2004): pp. 295–96.
10. René Descartes, “Meditations on First Philosophy” in The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, Vol. II, trans. John Cottingham, Robert Stoothoff, and Dugald Murdoch (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), p. 24.
11. M. W. Morris and K. Peng, “Culture and Cause: American and Chinese Attributions for Social and Physical Events,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67 (1994): pp. 949–71; and R. E. Nisbett, K. Peng, I. Choi, and A. Norenzayan, “Culture and Systems of Thought: Holistic versus Analytic Cognition,” Psychological Review 108 (2001): pp. 291–310.
12. F. Lee, M. Hallahan, and T. Herzog, “Explaining Real-Life Events: How Culture and Domain Shape Attributions,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 22 (1996): pp. 732–41.
13. A. Fernald and H. Morikawa, “Common Themes and Cultural Variations in Japanese and American Mothers’ Speech to Infants,” Child Development 64 (1993): pp. 637–56; and T. Tardif, M. Shatz, and L. Naigles, “Caregiver Speech and Children’s Use of Nouns versus Verbs: A Comparison of English, Italian and Mandarin,” Journal of Child Language 24 (1997): pp. 535–65.
14. Personal interview, May 22, 2008.
15. Personal interview, May 18, 2008.
16. Zobrist, La belle histoire de FAVI, p. 1. The principle opens Zobrist’s book.
13: THE ULTIMATE PARADOX
1. Personal interview, May 18, 2008. Other Davids quotes in this chapter are from this interview and our interview on September 24, 2007.
2. Personal interview, September 15, 2008. All other Kelley quotes, unless specified, come from this interview.
3. This paragraph is partly based on “Designed Chaos: An Interview with David Kelley, Founder and CEO of IDEO,” Virtual Advisor, Inc., http://www.va-interactive.com/inbusiness/editorial/bizdev/articles/ideo.html (accessed July 7, 2007).
4. Peter Burrows, “Hewlett & Packard: Architects of the Info Age—The Founding Fathers of Silicon Valley Steered Tech Away from Hierarchy,” BusinessWeek, March 29, 2004.
5. Ibid.
6. R. I. Sutton and A. Hargadon, “Brainstorming Groups in Context: Effectiveness in a Product Design Firm,” Administrative Science Quarterly 41 (1996): p. 685.
7. The various philosophers’ views and quotes on wisdom in these paragraphs are based on Sharon Ryan, “Wisdom,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, http://www.science.uva.nl/∼seop/entries/wisdom (accessed November 26, 2008).
8. Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics, (Stillwell, KS: Digireads, 2005), p. 66, VI, 1140a-1140b.
9. J. Kekes, “Wisdom,” American Philosophical Quarterly 20, no. 3 (1983): p. 280.
10. This description of the methodology is based on “The Deep Dive (at IDEO),” a Nightline segment that originally aired on ABC on July 13, 1999.
11. Bruce Nussbaum, “The Power of Design,” BusinessWeek, May 17, 2004, p. 96.
12. Tim Brown, “Design Thinking,” Harvard Business Review, June 2008, p. 87.
13. See Linda Tischler, “A Designer,” Fast Company, February 2009, pp. 78–101; and A. G. Lafley and Ram Charan, The Game-Changer: How You Can Drive Revenue and Profit Growth with Innovation (New York: Crown Business, 2008).
14. Tischler, “A Designer,” p. 78–101.
15. Personal interview, September 15, 2008. The following quotes on the “experience team” are from this interview.
16. Personal interview, September 15, 2008.
17. See, for example, C. A. O’Reilly III and J. Chatman, “Culture as Social Control: Corporations, Cults, and Commitment,” Research in Organizational Behavior 18 (1996): pp. 157–200.
18. Personal interview, May 20, 2008.
19. This does not necessarily mean hiring the “best” in the traditional