• Choose a category
• All
• Classic-Fiction

By Root 1441 0

inaccurate, sometimes intentionally so: ibid., p. 203; Barbara Donagan, ‘The Casualties of War: Treatment of the Dead and Wounded in the English Civil War’, in Ian Gentles, John Morrill and Blair Worden (eds.), Soldiers, Writers and Statesmen of the English Revolution (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 114–32, at pp. 128–9. Carlton’s estimates for population loss in England (3.7 per cent), Scotland (6 per cent) and Ireland (41 per cent) from battle and war-related disease suggest that the overall loss of life as a proportion of total population was greater than in the First World War (2.6 per cent, including deaths from Spanish influenza): Going to the Wars, p. 214. For the costs of Montrose’s campaigns See also David Stevenson, Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Scotland, 1644–1651 (London, 1977), pp. 41–2. In 1670 the combined population of Norwich, Bristol, York and Newcastle was about 64,000: E. A. Wrigley, People, Cities and Wealth: The Transformation of Traditional Society (Oxford, 1987), table 7.1.

3. Gough, Myddle, pp. 73–4. See also p. 134. Stories of such minor skirmishes abound in the papers in the Indemnity Committee (TNA, SP24).

4. Carlton, Going to the Wars, p. 207.

5. Peter Young and Richard Holmes, The English Civil War: A Military History of the Three Civil Wars 1642–1651 (Ware, 2000), pp. 130–31; for a similar story, with a similar moral, see BL Sloane MS 1457, fo. 45r-45v.

6. Carlton, Going to the Wars, pp. 207–9.

7. Richard Wiseman, Severall Chirurgicall Treatises (London, 1676 edn), p. 441.

8. Ibid. For treatment more generally see Eric Gruber von Arni, Justice to the Maimed Soldier: Nursing, Medical Care and Welfare for Sick and Wounded Soldiers and Their Families during the English Civil Wars and Interregnum, 1642–1660 (Aldershot, 2001) (for Wiseman see esp. pp. 185–8, 251-3); Donagan, ‘Casualties’, pp. 115–27; See also Carlton, Going to the Wars, pp. 221–4.

9. Donagan, ‘Casualties’, pp. 127–32, quotation at p. 129. For a gloomier view of the maintenance of decent treatment of the physical remains of the fallen see Carlton, Going to the Wars, pp. 218–21.

10. Carlton, Going to the Wars, pp. 150, 206–7.

11. Ronald Hutton and Wylie Reeves, ‘Sieges and Fortifications’, in John Kenyon and Jane Ohlmeyer (eds.), The Civil Wars: A Military History of England, Scotland and Ireland (Oxford, 1998), pp. 195–233, at pp. 195–201.

12. Stephen Porter, Destruction in the English Civil Wars (Gloucester, 1994), ch. 2.

13. Victor Smith and Peter Kelsey, ‘The Lines of Communication: The Civil War Defences of London’, in Stephen Porter (ed.), London and the Civil War (Basingstoke, 1996), pp. 117–48. See also Keith Lindley, Popular Politics and Religion in Civil War London (Aldershot, 1997), pp. 238, 409; Valerie Pearl, London and the Outbreak of the Puritan Revolution: City Government and National Politics 1625–1643 (Oxford, 1961), pp. 263–5; A&O, I, pp. 103–4. For Oxford’s fortifications, which seem to have been a less popular enterprise, see Ian Roy, ‘The City of Oxford 1640–1660’, in R. C. Richardson (ed.), Town and Countryside in the English Revolution (Manchester, 1992), pp. 130–68, at pp. 145–6.

14. Martyn Bennett, The Civil Wars Experienced: Britain and Ireland, 1638–1661 (London, 2000), p. 103; Hutton and Reeves, ‘Sieges and Fortifications’, pp. 212–19. For Exeter see Mark Stoyle, ‘Whole Streets Converted to Ashes: Property Destruction in Exeter during the English Civil War’, reprinted in R. C. Richardson (ed.), The English Civil Wars: Local Aspects (Stroud, 1997), pp. 129–44; Mark Stoyle, From Deliverance to Destruction: Rebellion and Civil War in an English City (Exeter, 1996).

15. Hutton and Reeves, ‘Sieges and Fortifications’, pp. 228–31.

16. For these (cautious) estimates, see Porter, Destruction, pp. 65–6; the combined population of Norwich, Bristol and York in 1670 was around 52,000: Wrigley, People, table 7.1.

17. Porter, Destruction, p. 77; M. D. Gordon, ‘The Collection of Ship Money in the Reign of Charles I’, TRHS, 3rd ser., IV (1910), 141–62, at p. 158.

18. Porter, Destruction, pp. 77–8.

19. Ibid.,