God's Fury, England's Fire_ A New History of the English Civil Wars - Michael J. Braddick [436]
5. Ibid., p. 233.
6. Ian Gentles, The New Model Army in England, Ireland and Scotland, 1645–1653 (Oxford, 1992), pp. 241–2.
7. Underdown, Pride’s Purge, pp. 91–2. For Norwich see John T. Evans, Seventeenth-Century Norwich: Politics, Religion and Government, 1620–1690 (Oxford, 1979), pp. 172–82.
8. Gardiner, IV, pp. 68–9, 94, 97–8; Ian Gentles, ‘The Struggle for London in the Second Civil War’, HJ, 26 (1983), 277–305, esp. pp. 287–9. There were many different versions of tip-cat.
9. Underdown, Pride’s Purge, pp. 93–4. For anti-war sentiment and post-war religious disruption in Cornwall see Mary Coate, Cornwall in the Great Civil War and Interregnum 1642–1660: A Social and Political Study (Oxford, 1933), pp. 330–38.
10. Underdown, Pride’s Purge, pp. 94–5, 99–100; Gentles, New Model Army, p. 241; for Essex see William Cliftlands, ‘The “Well-Affected” and the “Country”: Politics and Religion in English Provincial Society, c. 1640–1654’, unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Essex (1987), pp. 77–9, ch. 4.
11. [William Davenant?], London, King Charles his Augusta or City Royal (London, 1648), Thomason date 7 March; Anon., Coleman-Street Conclave Visited (London, 1648), Thomason date 21 March; Anon., Calendar-Reformation (London, 1648), Fortescue date 27 March; Anon., A true and perfect picture of our present reformation (London, 1648), Fortescue date March; Anon., Mistris Parliament Brought to Bed of a Monstrous Childe of Reformation (London, 1648), Thomason date 29 April. The birth was assisted by the midwife Mrs London, the nurse Mrs Synod, and the gossips Mrs Schism, Mrs Privilege, Mrs Ordinance, Mrs Universall Toleration and Mrs Leveller; Anon., Last will and testament (London, 1648).
12. Vindiciae, contra Tyrannos: a defence of Liberty against Tyrants (London, 1648), Thomason date 1 March; Queen Elizabeth’s speech to her last parliament (London, 1648), Thomason date 16 March. For the Vindiciae see Anne McLaren, ‘Rethinking Republicanism: Vindiciae, Contra Tyrannos in Context’, HJ, 49 (2006), 23–52; and the convincing riposte by George Garnett, ‘Law in the Vindiciae, Contra Tyrannos: A Vindication’, HJ, 49 (2006), 877–91. It was probably the product of a collaboration between Hubert Languet and Philippe Mornay, written in France between 1574 and 1577, and widely circulated in the rest of Europe thereafter. For the text and its history see George Garnett (ed.), Brutus: Vindiciae, contra tyrannos or, Concerning the Legitimate Power of a Prince over the People, and of the People over a Prince (Cambridge, 1994), esp., for the translations, pp. lxxiv-lxxxviii. For Walker see David Wootton, ‘From Rebellion to Revolution: The Crisis of the Winter of 1642/3 and the Origins of Civil War Radicalism’, in Richard Cust and Ann Hughes (eds.), The English Civil War (London, 1997), pp. 340–56, at p. 352.
13. Ashton, Counter-Revolution, pp. 455–68.
14. Andrew Coleby, Central Government and the Localities: Hampshire 1649–1689 (Cambridge, 1987), p. 13. See, in general, Ashton’s account of the insurgents’ aims: Counter-Revolution, pp. 12–13.
15. Gardiner, IV, p. 123.
16. For these militias see Sarah Barber, ‘“A bastard kind of militia”, Localism, and Tactics in the Second Civil War’, in Ian Gentles, John Morrill and Blair Worden (eds.), Soldiers, Writers and Statesmen of the English Revolution (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 133–50.
17. For the paralysis these considerations might cause see Gentles, ‘Struggle for London’. For other examples see Clive Holmes, Seventeenth-Century Lincolnshire (Lincoln, 1980), pp. 200–203; Anthony Fletcher, A County Community in Peace and War: Sussex 1600–1660 (London, 1975), pp. 291–2; Evans, Norwich, pp. 172–82. Numerous local studies demonstrate the presence of these grievances without support for Charles as a necessary corollary, and not always as a source of anti-army feeling. See, for example, John Morrill, Cheshire 1630–1660: County Government and Society during the English Revolution (Oxford, 1974), ch. 5; Stephen K. Roberts, Recovery and Restoration in an English County: Devon