God's Fury, England's Fire_ A New History of the English Civil Wars - Michael J. Braddick [438]
48. Ibid., pp. 174–5.
49. Ibid., pp. 175–6; Fairfax quoted from Gardiner, IV, p. 205.
50. Donagan, ‘Myth’, pp. 176–9.
51. Gentles, New Model Army, pp. 270–72. This account is to be preferred to that of Gardiner, IV, p. 232, and those that followed it. For the initial reporting of the incident as an atrocity, and as direct revenge for the deaths of Lucas and Lisle, see A full and exact relation of the Horrid murder committed on the body of Col Rainsborough (London, 1648), Thomason date 3 November 1648, esp. pp. 2–3, 4. Details varied: The Moderate (31 October-7 November 1648), pp. [7-8]; Packets of letters from Scotland, and the North parts of England (London, 1648), Thomason date 8 November 1648, p. 1. See also Ian Gentles, ‘Political Funerals during the English Revolution’, in Stephen Porter (ed.), London and the Civil War (Basingstoke, 1996), pp. 205–24, at pp. 217–18.
52. Gardiner, IV, pp. 125–6; Woolrych, Britain in Revolution, pp. 407–9; Woolrych, Soldiers and Statesmen, pp. 330–35, quotation at p. 334.
53. Woolrych, Soldiers and Statesmen, pp. 325–8.
20. The Occasioner, Author, and Continuer…
1. David Underdown, Pride’s Purge: Politics in the Puritan Revolution (Oxford, 1971), p. 97; Gardiner, IV, pp. 116, 122–4; CJ, v, pp. 551–2, quotation at p. 552; LJ, x, 247.
2. Gardiner, IV, pp. 168–9, 172.
3. Underdown, Pride’s Purge, pp. 100–105.
4. Robert Ashton, Counter-Revolution: The Second Civil War and Its Origins, 1646–1648 (New Haven, Conn., 1994), pp. 139–57; David Underdown, Revel, Riot and Rebellion: Popular Politics and Culture in England, 1603–1660 (Oxford, 1985), pp. 229–32; David Underdown,’ “Honest” Radicals in the Counties, 1642–1649’, in Donald Pennington and Keith Thomas (eds.), Puritans and Revolutionaries: Essays in Seventeenth-Century History Presented to Christopher Hill (Oxford, 1978), pp. 186–205, esp. pp. 199–203.
5. For a sympathetic view see Richard Cust, Charles 1: A Political Life (Harlow, 2005), pp. 437–42.
6. Gardiner, IV, pp. 209–10; Underdown, Pride’s Purge, pp. 100–105.
7. David Stevenson, Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Scotland, 1644–1651 (London, 1977), pp. 115–22.
8. Underdown, Pride’s Purge, p. 109; Gardiner, IV, p. 213.
9. Underdown, Pride’s Purge, p. 108. The source for this story is Ludlow’s memoirs, which may not be reliable – they were later recollections and subject also to some massaging for publication in rather different times: Blair Worden, Roundhead Reputations: The English Civil Wars and the Passions of Posterity (Harmondsworth, 2001), esp. ch. 2. I am grateful to Ann Hughes for pointing this out to me.
10. Gardiner, IV, pp. 212–13; Underdown, Pride’s Purge, p. 110. For the local political context of the Somerset petition see Underdown, Somerset in the Civil War and Interregnum (Newton Abbot, 1973), ch. 8, esp. p. 151.
11. Underdown, Pride’s Purge, p. 112.
12. Gardiner, IV, pp. 214–22; Underdown, Pride’s Purge, pp. 111–15; David L. Smith, Constitutional Royalism and the Search for Settlement, c. 1640–1649 (Cambridge, 1994), pp. 138–40; Cust, Charles I, pp. 442–8.
13. Gardiner, IV, pp. 222–6; Cust, Charles I, pp. 444–5.
14. David Scott, Politics and War in the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 1637–49 (Basingstoke, 2004), p. 185.
15. For the importance of fears about a renewal of war in England on the basis of a peace in Ireland, and their impact on English politics, see J. S. A. Adamson, ‘The Frighted Junto: Perceptions of Ireland, and the Last Attempts at Settlement with Charles I’, in Jason Peacey (ed.), The Regicides and the Execution of Charles I (Basingstoke, 2001), pp. 36–70.
16. For discussions of the text see Ian Gentles, The New Model Army in England, Ireland and Scotland, 1645–1653 (Oxford, 1992), pp. 274–6; Gardiner, IV, pp. 233–6; Underdown, Pride’s Purge, pp. 115–17, 123–7; Austin Woolrych, Britain in Revolution 1625–1660 (Oxford, 2002), pp. 423–4, quotation at p. 424. Extracts are reprinted in A. S. P. Woodhouse, Puritanism and Liberty: Being the Army Debates (1647–9) from the Clarke Manuscripts with Supplementary Documents, 2nd edn