Gorgias [0]
380 BC
GORGIAS
by Plato
translated by Benjamin Jowett
GORGIAS
PERSONS OF THE DIALOGUE: CALLICLES; SOCRATES; CHAEREPHON; GORGIAS; POLUS Scene: The house of Callicles.
Callicles. The wise man, as the proverb says, is late for a fray, but not for a feast. Socrates. And are we late for a feast? Cal. Yes, and a delightful feast; for Gorgias has just been exhibiting to us many fine things. Soc. It is not my fault, Callicles; our friend Chaerephon is to blame; for he would keep us loitering in the Agora. Chaerephon. Never mind, Socrates; the misfortune of which I have been the cause I will also repair; for Gorgias is a friend of mine, and I will make him give the exhibition again either now, or, if you prefer, at some other time. Cal. What is the matter, Chaerephon-does Socrates want to hear Gorgias? Chaer. Yes, that was our intention in coming. Cal. Come into my house, then; for Gorgias is staying with me, and he shall exhibit to you. Soc. Very good, Callicles; but will he answer our questions? for I want to hear from him what is the nature of his art, and what it is which he professes and teaches; he may, as you [Chaerephon] suggest, defer the exhibition to some other time. Cal. There is nothing like asking him, Socrates; and indeed to answer questions is a part of his exhibition, for he was saying only just now, that any one in my house might put any question to him, and that he would answer. Soc. How fortunate! will you ask him, Chaerephon-? Chaer. What shall I ask him? Soc. Ask him who he is. Chaer. What do you mean? Soc. I mean such a question as would elicit from him, if he had been a maker of shoes, the answer that he is a cobbler. Do you understand? Chaer. I understand, and will ask him: Tell me, Gorgias, is our friend Callicles right in saying that you undertake to answer any questions which you are asked? Gorgias. Quite right, Chaerephon: I was saying as much only just now; and I may add, that many years have elapsed since any one has asked me a new one. Chaer. Then you must be very ready, Gorgias. Gor. Of that, Chaerephon, you can make trial. Polus. Yes, indeed, and if you like, Chaerephon, you may make trial of me too, for I think that Gorgias, who has been talking a long time, is tired. Chaer. And do you, Polus, think that you can answer better than Gorgias? Pol. What does that matter if I answer well enough for you? Chaer. Not at all:-and you shall answer if you like. Pol. Ask:- Chaer. My question is this: If Gorgias had the skill of his brother Herodicus, what ought we to call him? Ought he not to have the name which is given to his brother? Pol. Certainly. Chaer. Then we should be right in calling him a physician? Pol. Yes. Chaer. And if he had the skill of Aristophon the son of Aglaophon, or of his brother Polygnotus, what ought we to call him? Pol. Clearly, a painter. Chaer. But now what shall we call him-what is the art in which he is skilled. Pol. O Chaerephon, there are many arts among mankind which are experimental, and have their origin in experience, for experience makes the days of men to proceed according to art, and inexperience according to chance, and different persons in different ways are proficient in different arts, and the best persons in the best arts. And our friend Gorgias is one of the best, and the art in which he is a proficient is the noblest. Soc. Polus has been taught how to make a capital speech, Gorgias; but he is not fulfilling the promise which he made to Chaerephon. Gor. What do you mean, Socrates? Soc. I mean that he has not exactly answered the question which he was asked. Gor. Then why not ask him yourself? Soc. But I would much rather ask you, if you are disposed to answer: for I see, from the few words which Polus has uttered, that he has attended more to the art which is called rhetoric than to dialectic. Pol. What makes you say so, Socrates? Soc.